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• Engineering geology


  Applied science that deals with the application of geology for safe, stable and economical design and construction of civil engineering projects
• Scope of geology in civil engineering

  • Construction
  • Water resources
  • Development of towns
  • Regional planning
• Main branches of geology

  • Physical geology
  • Mineralogy
  • Petrology
  • Structural geology
  • Stratigraphy
  • Economic geology
• Engineering geology


  Applied science which deals with the application of geology for a safe, stable land economical design and construction of a civil engineering project
• Allied branches of geology

  • Engineering geology
  • Mining geology
  • Geophysics
  • Geohydrology
  • Geochemistry
• Physical geology


  • Deals with different physical features of the earth, changes occurring on the earth's surface, geological work of natural agents, and natural phenomena
• Scope of Geology in Civil Engineering

  • Construction
  • Water Resources
  • Development Towns
  • Regional Planning
• Mineralogy


  • Deals with the study of minerals, their mode of formation, composition, occurrence, types, association, properties and uses
• Main Branches of Geology

  • Physical Geology
  • Mineralogy
  • Petrology
  • Structural Geology
  • Stratigraphy
  • Economic Geology
• Petrology


  • Deals with the study of rocks, their mode of formation, structure, texture, composition, occurrence and types
• Structural geology

  • Deals with the study of deformations, dislocations and disturbances in rocks under tectonic forces, and the resulting geological structures

  
• Allied Branches of Geology

  • Engineering Geology
  • Mining Geology
  • Geophysics
  • Geohydrology
  • Geochemistry
• Physical Geology


  • Deals with different physical features of the earth, such as mountains, plateaus, valleys, rivers, lakes, glaciers, and volcanoes in terms of their origin and development
  • Deals with the different changes occurring on the earth surface like marine transgression, marine regression, formation or disappearance of rivers, springs and lakes
  • Deals with geological work of wind, glaciers, rivers, oceans, and groundwater and their role in constantly molding the earth surface features
  • Deals with natural phenomena like landslides, earthquakes and weathering
• Stratigraphy


  • Deals with the study of sedimentary rock layers and the earth's history through them

  
• Mineralogy


  The study of minerals, which are the basic units with different rocks and ores of the earth are made up of
• Petrology


  The study of rocks, which make up the earth's crust
• Economic geology


  • Deals with the study of economic minerals, their mode of formation, occurrence, classification, association, properties and uses
• Engineering geology


  • Deals with the application of geological knowledge for safe, stable and economical civil engineering projects
• Structural Geology


  The study of the deformations, dislocations and disturbances in rocks under the influence of tectonic forces, resulting in geological structures like folds, fault, joints and unconformities

  
• Mining geology


  • Deals with the application of geological knowledge for mineral exploration, estimation and extraction
• Geophysics


  • Deals with the study of physical properties like density and magnetism of the earth or its parts
• Stratigraphy


  The study of the earth's history through the sedimentary rock
• Geohydrology


  • Deals with the occurrence, movement and nature of groundwater
• Economic Geology


  The study of economic minerals, their mode of formation, occurrence, classification, association, varieties, concentration, properties, and uses
• Weathering


  Process of decay, disintegration and decomposition of rocks under the influence of physical and chemical agencies

  
• Disintegration


  Process of breaking up of rocks into small pieces by mechanical agencies
• Engineering Geology


  The application of geological knowledge in the field of civil engineering, for execution of safe, stable and economic constructions
• Mining Geology


  The application of geological knowledge in the field of mining, dealing with the mode and extent of occurrence of ores, their association, properties, depth, direction, inclination, thickness and reserve
• Geophysics


  The study of physical properties like density and magnetism of the earth or its parts, to know its interior
• Decomposition


  Process of breaking up of mineral constituents to form new components by chemical actions
• Geohydrology


  The study of occurrence, movement and nature of groundwater in an area
• Geochemistry


  The study of the occurrence, distribution, abundance, mobility etc., of different elements in the earth crust
• Denudation


  Wearing away of the earth's surface by chemical and mechanical actions, exposing lower layers
• Factors affecting weathering


  • Nature of rocks
  • Length of time
  • Climate
• Weathering


  The process of decay, disintegration and decomposition of rocks under the influence of certain physical and chemical agencies

  
• Types of weathering


  • Physical or mechanical weathering
  • Chemical weathering
  • Biological weathering
• Disintegration


  The process of breaking up of rocks into small pieces by the mechanical agencies of physical agents

  
• Physical weathering


  • Physical breakdown of rock masses under atmospheric agents, without altering composition
• Decomposition


  The process of breaking up of mineral constituents to form new components by the chemical actions of the physical agents
• Thermal effects


  • Temperature fluctuations causing expansion and contraction, leading to physical disintegration