chapter 13: chemical reactions

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mitsu

Cards (26)

chemical reaction
is a process in which atoms of one or more substances rearrange to form one or more new substances
thermal energy 
is either given off or absorbed during a chemical change
precipitate 
is a solid formed when two liquids react
chemical equation 
is a description of a reaction using element symbols & chemical formulas
reactants 
the starting substance in a chemical reaction
products 
the substance produced by chemical reactions
law of conservation of mass
the total mass of the reactants before a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass of products after a chemical reaction.
chemical reaction 
atoms of one or more substances change form to create new substances.
physical change 
No new substance; Physically changed.
Chemical Change 
New substance; Physical and Chemically changed.
Chemical Change 
New substance; Physical and Chemically changed.
law of conservation of mass
Total mass is the same as total mass of products; chemical reaction.
synthesis reaction 
Two or more combine to form one compound.
Decomposition Reaction 
One compound breaks down and forms two or more substances.
replacement reaction
Single = One element replaces another; 2. Double = 2 compounds switch places to form new compounds.
combustion 
Combines with oxygen and release energy; Energy released is thermal or light.
endothermic 
Energy Absorbed; Reactants + Thermal Energy -> Products
exothermic 
Energy Released; Reactants -> Products + Energy
activation energy 
Minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction. * Example: Wood + High = Burning Iron + Low = Rust
conservation of mass
Atoms are conserved.
Equation is balanced.
catalyst 
a substance that increases reaction rate by lowering the activation energy
enzyme 
it's a catalyst that speeds up a chemical reaction in living cells
inhibitors 
a substance that shows or even stops a chemical reaction
can STOP the reactions caused by enzymes
synthesis reaction  
A + B -> AB
decomposition reaction
AB -> A + B
double replacement reaction 
AB + CD -> AD + BC