Screwed or threaded fittings are connections that are rimed with matching grooves, one of the outside of a piece and the other on the inside.
Valves are piping elements that are used to control the flow rate or shut off the flow.
Fittings are adjoined pieces whose function is to join 2 pipes, to change the pipeline direction, to change the pipeline diameter, to terminate a pipeline, or to create a new pipeline from combining 2 pipes.
Gate valves work by inserting a gate or wedge into the path of a flowing fluid. They are designed for fully open or fully closed services and should not be used as control or regulating valves
What should gate valves not used to?
Control or regulatory valve
A flanged fitting involves joining two pieces of material by means of an internal or external lip.
Globe valves are a linear motion valve used to stop, start, and regulate the fluid flow. The disc that prevents flow is arranged parallel to the flow.
Unlike the gate valve, the globe valve can be used to regulate flow or pressures
Check valves are also known as non-return valves or one-way valves.
Check valves are automatic valves that allow fluids to flow through them in only one direction.
The prime function of a check valve is to protect mechanical equipment in a piping system by preventing reversal of flow by the fluid.
Butterfly valve are rotary valves in which the disk that regulates flow is rotated on an axis to open or close the flow passage.
Butterfly valves are used in throttling services, particularly when large-size valves are required.
The seal of a diaphragm valve is achieved by a flexible membrane.
The operating parts of the valve are isolated from the flow, which makes diaphragm valve suitable for viscous, hazardous, abrasive, and corrosive flows.
Ball valve is a shut-off valve that controls the flow of a fluid by means of a rotary ball having a bore.
The connection to the source tank is called the pipe entrance.
The connection to the destination tank is called the pipe exit.
Changes in velocity result in form friction (also known as minor losses), which must be accounted for in the design of piping systems.
Skin friction is quantified by determining the friction factor.
Form friction is quantified by determining the loss coefficient.
Identify the fitting - 90 deg threaded elbow
Identify the fitting - union
Identify the fitting - coupling
Coupling and union are fittings that is used to connect 2 pipes
Identify the fitting - wyes
Identify the fitting - tees
Tees and wyes are fittings that is used to connect 2 pipes to form an another pipeline
Identify the fitting - bushing
Identify the fitting - plug
Identify the fitting - return bend
Identify the fitting - expanders and reducers
Returnbend and 90 deg threaded elbow are fittings that is used to change the pipeline's direction.
Bushings, expanders, and reducers are fittings that is used to change pipeline diameter.