Research methodology

• Research Methodology - a chapter in data gathering process which contains the entire plan in collecting and analyzing data.
• Research Method - it is the strategy employed in the collection of data or evidence for analysis to uncover new information.
• Research Methodology is considered as the plan while Research method is considered the body of chapter 3.
• Research Design - presents the framework of research methods and techniques chosen by a researcher.
• Subject of the study

  • Population - the totality of objects, elements, person, and characteristics under a given condition.
  • Sample - the specific group that you will collect data from. It is considered as the subset of a population.
  • Respondents - people who are involved in the study.
• Purposive sampling - is employed where participants were selected according to criteria set.
• Random sampling - is conducted where participants provide equal chances of being picked.
• Convenience sampling - is employed where data is collected from a conveniently available pool of respondents.
• Snowball sampling - is conducted where participant suggests someone else who might be willing for the study.
• Data Gathering Instrument

  • Contains the discussion of tool to be used in the study.
  • Construction and validation of the tool must be clearly discussed in this section.
• Observation - technique of gathering whereby you personally watch, interact, communicate with the subjects of your research.

  • Non-participant observation
  • Participant observation
• Interview - process of collection data through asking series of questions and soliciting for answers.

  • Undertaken between the interviewer and interviewee.
  • May be structured, unstructured, and semi-structured.
• Data Gathering Procedures - the researcher discusses the process of gathering the data.

  • Validity of the research instrument
  • Process of distributing and gathering data from the target respondents
• Data Analysis - this section deals with the explanation the steps adopted for coding and sorting the data obtained.

  • Transcribe the data
  • Ensure accuracy, completeness, and comprehensibility of the results
• Ethical Considerations - presents adequate measures and procedures to be used that will safeguard the well-being of the human participants.

  • Informed consent
  • Freedom from coercion
  • Ensure confidentiality
  • Integrity of cited sources