physio psych

Cards (62)

  • maintains, protects, and supports the shape of the eye and includes the cornea
    sclera
  • provides oxygen and nourishment to the eye and includes the pupil, iris, and lens;
    choroid
  • allows us to piece images together and includes cones and rods.
    retina
  • scotopic vision/night , shadows and light
    rods
  • photopic vision, color vision
    cones
  • gather sound energy and amplify sound pressure
    outer ear
  • reflects and attenuates sound waves which help the brain the sound location
    pinna
  • transmits acoustic energy from ear canal to cochlea
    middle ear
  • transform mechanical sound waves into electrical or neural signals for use in the brain.
    cochlea
  • human ear can hear a wide variety of sound frequencies from and to
    20 to 20,000 Hz
  • send the information from the tastants to the brain, where a molecule is processed as a taste.
    taste buds
  • humans can differentiate how many odors
    10,000
  • uses specialized receptor cells in the skin and body to detect changes in the environment.
    somatosensory systems
  • sense of pressure and texture, size and speed
    mechanoreception
  • detects change in temperature
    thermoreceptors
  • detects pain
    nociception
  • detect joint position and movement, and the direction and velocity of the movement.
    proprioception
  • sensory system that contributes to balance and the sense of spatial orientation.
    vestibular system
  • maintenance of a constant internal environment in response to a changing external environment
    homeostasis
  • hormones are made of
    proteins
  • to amplify the change
    positive feedback loop
  • the reaction to reverse the change of direction in a system.
    negative feedback loop
  • The regulatory systems actively defend specific values
    setpoints
  • states arise in response to physiological needs and disappear again, usually with a sense of relief when those needs are met.
    drive
  • ability to maintain body temperature through internal metabolic activity. examples are mammals and birds
    endotherms
  • rely on external factors, such as basking in the sunlight or retreating to the shade below a rock, in maintaining ideal body temperature. examples are amphibian, reptiles and fish
    ectotherms
  • refers to the temperature maintained for vital organs within the head and torso
    body's core temperature
  • Disturbances in the body's ability to maintain the average core temperature point can result in the (blank) experienced by nearly 80 percent of women in months or years surrounding menopause. It last seconds to minutes and a characterized by sweating, flushing, heart palpitations, and a subjective feeling of being very warm.
    hot flashes
  • If a solute break into ions and dissolves, it is known as an
    electrolyte
  • About (blank) of the body's water found within cells known as intracellular fluid.
    two thirds
  • The remaining (blank) is in the extracellular fluid, into the blood supply
    third
  • The (blank) has higher concentrations of sodium and chloride, and (blank) has higher potassium concentrations.
    extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid
  • Blood enters the kidneys, filtered through a complex system made up of over a million structures known as
    nephrons
  • results from muscle twitches, which can be so intense that teeth chatter together.
    shivering
  • blood vessel constriction is too extreme, leading to a condition known as (blank). This condition produces sudden spasms in arteries, particularly those in fingers and toes, in response to cold
    Raynaud's disease
  • usually diagnosed in childhood or y hood and accounts for 5 to 10 percent of all diabetes diagnoses in the U
    type 1 diabetes mellitus
  • diagnosed when individuals produce insulin, but their bodies either do not make enough insulin or use insulin efficiently-a condition known as insulin resistance
    type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • occurs in response to cellular dehydration that results from drops in the intracellular fluid volume.
    osmotic thirst
  • occurs in response to drops in blood volume
    hypovolemic thirst
  • overdrinking, or (blank) that is typical of untreated diabetes mellitus.
    polydipsia