Birds reproduction, egg structure

• ovary, oviduct, cloaca

  before reaching maturity, right ovary and oviduct degenerate, 1 functional ovary left

  ovary’s have cluster appearance

  ovum/eggs develop over time

  ovum formation Occurs from lipid particles from blood forming the yolk
• Infundibulum-receive egg +fertalaisation site

  magnum-secretes abdomen (white part)

  esthmis-adds shell membrane

  uterus-secrete shell and pigment

  cloaca- eggs/waste products exit (diegestive and urniary)
• Shell

  calcium carbonate composition

  protects developing chicks

  semipermable for gas exchange

  stops toxins and unwanted substances entering shell
• Yolk

  food and nutiron as embryo. forms/develops

  yellow colour
• Albumen

  egg white

  different protein variety's
• Air cell

  gap between shell membranes
• Chalaza

  spiral strand holding yolk within egg white

  two Total, one each end
• Inner/outer shell membranes

  protein layer

  between eggshell and ablumen

  defend against bacteria invading
• Extra embryonic membrane

  protection and nourishment

  chorion- surround embryo+gas exchange

  aminom- sac formed, helping protect embryo, holds amniotic fluid(shock absorber)

  allantois- large circulatory system, allows respiratory, excretory and digestive functions

  yolk sac- digestive function, embryo food source
• Infundibulum-yolk received form ovary, fertilised by sperm

  (egg stay for 15 mins)
• Magnum- album deposited and layered around yolk

  (egg stay for 3 hours)
• Isthmus- inner and outer shell membrane added

  (egg stay 1 hour)
• Uterus (shell gland) - water added, thinning outer white, shell material added (calcium carbonate), some pigment added to shell

  (egg stay 21 hours)
• Cloaca- egg laid

  (egg stays 1 min)
• Oviduct structure-

  yolk- released from ovary to infundibulum of oviduct

  oviduct- five parts, all seperate tile in egg protection
• Bird excretory system-:

  uterus- tow tubes carry urine form kidneys

  cloaca- urine and other waste materiel cleaned from body

  removes ammonia in Uric acid (nitrogenous waste)

  doesn't require water, insoluble substance

  nitrogenous waste products removed protein break down