TOPIC 8

• Dissociative disorders


  are a group of disorders

  characterized by symptoms of disruption and/or discontinuity in consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, body representation, perception, motor

  control, and behavior
• Dissociative Identity Disorder


  It is the presence of

  two or more distinct personality states or an

  experience of possession

  
  

  From there, an individual may have several subpersonalities.
• Depersonalization/derealization Disorder


  It is

  categorized by recurrent episodes of depersonalization and/or derealization.
• Depersonalization


  can be defined as a feeling of

  unreality or detachment from oneself. Individuals

  describe this feeling as an out-of-body experience

  where you are an observer of your thoughts,feelings, and physical being
• Derealization


  Include feelings of unreality or

  detachment from the world—whether it be individuals, objects, or their surroundings.
• Dissociative amnesia


  It is identified by the inability

  to recall important autobiographical information,

  usually of a traumatic or stressful nature
• Localized amnesia


  the most common type, is the

  inability to recall events during a specific period.
• Selective amnesia


  in a sense, a component of

  localized amnesia in that the individual can recall

  some, but not all, of the details during a specific period.
• Systematized amnesia


  occurs when an individual

  fails to recall a specific category of information

  such as not recalling a specific room in their childhood home.
• Generalized Dissociative Amnesia


  In which they

  have a complete loss of memory for most or all of

  their life history, including their own identity, previous knowledge about the world, and/or well-learned skills.
• Biological


  studies on the involvement of genetic

  underpinnings need additional research, there is some suggestion that heritability rates for dissociation rage
• Sociocultural


  influence of mass media and its

  publications of dissociative disorders, provide a

  model for individuals to not only learn about dissociative disorders but also engage in similar dissociative behaviors.
• Psychodynamic


  assumes that dissociative

  disorders are caused by an individual's repressed

  thoughts and feelings related to an unpleasant or traumatic event
• Integration of subpersonalities


  Treatment goal in dissociative identity disorder
• Fusion


  occurs when two or more alternate identities join
• Hypnosis


  One theory of dissociative amnesia is

  that it is a form of self-hypnosis and that individuals

  hypnotize themselves to forget information or

  events that are unpleasant

  
  

  It is the use of barbiturates, also known as "truth serums," to help relax the individual and free their inhibitions.