midterm lec2

• transportation - movement of goods & persons from place to place and the various means by which such movement is accomplished.
• transportation and travel evolution

  • pre-industrial travel system era
  • early-industrial travel system era
  • mature-railway system era
  • express-travel system era
  • automobile-based travel system era
  • modern-tourism travel system era
  • post-mobility adjustment era
• pre-industrial travel system era

  • period before the widespread industrialization in Europe and North America
  • no regularly- scheduled transportation service
  • little travel
  • few people had the money and the reason to travelpre-industrial travel system era
• early-industrial travel system era

  • road improvements such as railways, cannals, and steamship services
  • began to offer regularly-scheduled transportation services
  • travel increased because more people -who had money to travel
• mature-railway system era

  • characterized by railway by which expanded their operations by running hotels and providing other travel-related services
  • travel agencies and tour companies were formed
• thomas cook

  • innovator in the tourism field
  • began his company's activities in the UK 1840
• express-travel system era

  • express services increased
  • trains and other forms of transpo did not stop at every station of terminal but only at major stops
  • increased the speed of travel and encouraged more travel than before
• automobile-based travel system era

  • car ownership boomed in north america
  • motorways, interstate highways, and other trunk highways were developed 1920-1974
  • 1920-1945 - automobile was predominant
• modern-tourism travel system era

  • 1945-1974
  • car ownership continued to grow
  • long-distance rail travel
  • "mass tourism" philosophy and marketing approaches were prevalent during the 1950-1960
• post-mobility adjustment era

  • 1973-1974 starting years
  • as a result of the oil embargo generated by OPEC and the resulting increase in fuel prices
• the airline industry

  • december 17, 1903
  • kitty hawk, north carolina
  • orville and wilbur wright
• types of airlines:

  • scheduled (fixed routes and timings)
  • non-scheduled
  • passenger
  • cargo
  • passenger & cargo
  • intercontinental
  • international
  • domestic
• freedoms of the air:

  • first freedom - overfly a country
  • second freedom - technical stopover (fuel, maintenance, etc.), does not pick up passenger
  • third freedom - x registered, x to y
  • fourth freedom - x registered, y to x
  • fifth freedom - x registered, x to y to z, layover
  • sixth freedom - x registered, z to y to x, layover pabalik
  • seventh freedom - x registered, y to z
  • eight freedom - x registered, x to y1 to y2
  • ninth freedom - x registered, y1 to y2

  
• airline deregulation - process of removing government-imposed entry and price restrictions on airlines
• airline deregulation act of 1978

  • U.S. congress
  • gradual phasing-out of the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB)
  • removed many of the regulations governing air carrier routes and fares
• airbus a380

  • largest commercial airliner ever designed
  • twin decks
  • 555 passengers
  • three-class configuration service
• boeing 787 dreamliner

  • long-range, mid-size wide-body, twin-engine jet airliner
  • 210-335 passengers
  • most fuel-efficient airliner
  • world's first major airliner to use composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe
• railways

  • one of the earliest modes of transportation
  • major transport services in many countries (india, japan, china, south korea)
  • widespread in european countries
• the eurail

  • aka "eurorail"
  • one of the most extensive railway systems in the world
  • offers rail passes for train travel all across europe
• the eurail passes

  • global pass - 23 countries, in any order
  • select pass - flexibility & most options, 3/4/5 bordering countries, 5-15 travel days
  • regional pass - 2 bordering countries, specific region
  • one-country pass - 1 month
• the channel tunnel

  • france and britain
  • 49.89kms
  • longest tunnel underneath the sea
• the seikan tunnel

  • japan
  • longest seabed tunnel
  • tsugaru strait to the honshu and hokkaido islands
• amtrak

  • national railroad passenger corporation
  • intercity markets of US
  • 150 miles per hour
• motorcoah

  • type of bus used to conveying passengers on excursions and on longer intercity bus service
  • equipped with facilities required for longer trips, including comfortable seats and sometimes a toilet
• cruise ship

  • vacation trip by ship
  • traveling by water for purely recreational purposes
  • leisure vacation experience
  • floating hotel and restaurant
  • provides entertainment