module 8

• Book review


  Describes and evaluates a work of fiction or nonfiction and offers the book's overall purpose, structure, style of narration to the unknown readers
• Purpose of a book review

  • Tells not only what a book is about, but also how successful it is at what it is trying to do
  • It is a sneak peek at a book, not a summary
• Writing a book review

  1. Describing the content of the pages

  2. Analyzing how the book achieved its purpose

  3. Expressing your most personal comments, reactions and suggestions
• Literature review (LR)


  A type of academic essay that examines what has already been written about a topic
• Purpose of a literature review

  • Provides background for your problem and a rationale for your research
• Components of a literature review

  • Introduction
  • Main Body
  • Conclusion
  • References
• Purposes of literature review components

  • Introduction - Defines the topic and the scope being considered. Notes intentional exclusions. States the general findings of the review and the availability of the sources
  • Main Body - Organizes the evaluation of the sources whether chronologically or thematically. Showcases the critical summary and evaluation of the research's premise, methodology, and conclusion. Uses grammatical connectors, relational words or phrases and transitional devices
  • Conclusion - Summarizes the key findings of the review. Offers the reviewer's justification of the conducted research
  • References - Reflects the in-text citations. Contains complete and correct citations
• Literature review activities


  • Summary - State briefly the argument and main points of relevant research
  • Synthesis - Combine ideas in order to form an integrated theory or system through critical evaluation, compare/contrast, etc.
  • Analysis - Examine closely the elements or structure of the research
  • Evaluation - Assess the research based on the criteria or rubric that you choose, state, and explain. Support it with another similar research
• Research Report


  A long, formal essay, usually five to fifteen pages in length, which presents the writer's views and findings on a chosen subject
• Components of a research report

  • Title
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Methodology
  • Results
  • Discussion
  • References
• Project proposal


  A document that is written for problem solving, service provision, event planning, or equipment selling
• Purpose of a project proposal


  • Convince the reader to do what the proposal suggests, such as buying goods or services, funding a project, or implementing a program
• Guidelines in writing a project proposal

  • Gathering the Data
  • Organizing the Data
  • Writing the Proposal
  • Revising the Proposal
• Standard parts of a proposal

  • Introduction - Rationale, Objectives, Benefits
  • Project Description - Methodology, Schedule, Budget
• Position paper


  A composition that highlights an opinion of an author or specified entity about an issue
• Purpose of a position paper

  • Presents one side of an arguable opinion and persuades the readers or audience that the author has a well-founded knowledge about the issue