weather and climate

• Weather


  Current condition of the atmosphere. Temperature, rainfall, wind, and humidity
• Climate


  Condition of the atmosphere over a long period of time. Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter
• Climate Change


  A variation in the pattern of climate properties such as temperature, wind, and precipitation over a long period. It is "state of the climate that can be identified by changes".
• Climate Change is a global crisis requiring immediate attention
• Causes of Climate Change

  • Human Causes
  • Global Carbon Emissions
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Greenhouse gases
  • Methane
  • Nitrous oxide
  • Chloroflourocarbons
  • Ozone
• Greenhouse gases (GHG's)


  Trap heat from the sun to keep the earth warm
• How does global warming take place?

  Increasing levels of GHG's in the atmosphere make for a warmer world leading to abrupt changes in climate
• Impacts of Climate Change

  • Extreme weather conditions
  • Altered forests' productivity and species composition
  • Degraded air quality due to increased GHG's
  • Unproductive agriculture
  • Disrupted natural ecosystems
  • Deteriorated water resources
  • Submerged coastal areas
  • Weakened human health
• First World Climate Conference

  1979
• International efforts on climate change

  • 1992 - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) signed by 154 countries
  • 1998 - Establishment of the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change
  • 2005 - Kyoto Protocol took effect
  • 2015 - Adoption of the Paris Agreement
• Philippines' efforts on climate change

  • 1991 - Establishment of the Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change (IACCC)
  • 1992 - The Philippines signed the UNFCCC
  • 1994 - The Philippines ratified the UNFCCC
  • 1998 - The Philippines signed the Kyoto Protocol
  • 2003 - The Philippines ratified the Kyoto Protocol
  • 2009 - Republic Act 9729 or The Climate Change Act of 2009 was passed
  • 2010 - The Philippine Strategy on Climate Change Adaption was formulated
  • 2010 - National Framework Strategy on Climate Change 2010-2022 was adopted
  • 2011 - The National Climate Change Action Plan 2011-2028 was formulated
• Climate Change Mitigation


  Measures that can reduce atmospheric accumulation of GHG's
• Climate Change Adaptation


  Adjustments in ecological, social, or economic, systems in response to actual or expected climate change
• Tips on how to have "low carbon diet"

  • Use compact fluorescent lamps instead of incandescent bulbs
  • Buy energy efficient appliances
  • Observe 3Rs - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
  • Walk, bike, or carpool
  • Turn off lights and appliances when not in use
  • Patronize mass transportation such as the MRT and LRT
  • Unplug cellular phone chargers when the battery is fully charged
  • Prevent unnecessary idling of vehicles
  • Conserve Water
  • Avoid aggressive driving, rapid acceleration, or sudden stops
  • Maintain Vehicles in good running condition
• Priorities and Outcomes of the National Climate Change Action Plan, 2011-2028


  • Food security
  • Water sufficiency
  • Environmental and ecological stability
  • Human security
  • Climate-friendly industries and services
  • Sustainable energy
  • Knowledge and capacity development
• Mitigating Climate Change


  • Reduce heavy dependence on imported fossil fuels by promoting the use and development of the renewable energy derived from the sun (solar), wind, water, geothermal, and waste (biomass)
  • Promote proper waste disposal such as composting and sanitary landfills
  • Impose proper treatment of solid, liquid, and gas wastes
  • Promote massive reforestation and afforestation activities
  • Support organic farming
  • Mandate the local government units (LGU's) to install storage/treatment facilities
  • Promote the development of high yielding seed varieties
  • Popularize the use of energy-saving devices in manufacturing plants
  • Encourage the use of alternative fuels and renewable energy sources
  • Improve energy efficiency in production processes
• Greenhouse gases (GHG's) in the atmosphere help regulate the surface temperature of the planet
• There is scientific evidence that global warming is due to anthropogenic or human activities
• The Philippines is one of the countries that are most at risk because of climate change
• The governmental panel on climate change (IPCC) was not established in 1990
• CLIMATE CHANGE PHENOMENON


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