MIDTERMS

• causative agent of malaria

  plasmodium spp
• leading parasitic disease that causes mortality worldwide

  plasmodium spp
• what are the three major infectious diseases

  malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS
• plasmodium spp mostly affects?

  young children and pregnant women
• malaria or plasmodium spp can be transmitted by?

  Insect bite
• what is the genus of infected female mosquito of plasmodium spp?

  Anopheles
• principal vector in the Philippines

  Anopheles minimus var flavirostris
• transmissible in Mindanao specially in Sulu

  Anopheles litoralis
• transmission in higher altitudes

  anopheles maculatus
• malaria/plasmodium spp can also transmitted by?

  blood transfusion and sharing of syringes
• plasmodium spp can be transmitted specifically in ?

  intravenous drug users
• malaria is common is what type of ares?

  tropical, subtropical, countries
• malaria belt consist of?

  Latin Amera, SUb-Sahran Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia
• do not include in the top 10 and leading causes of morbidity since 2009

  malaria
• what are the regions with most cases of malaria?

  mimaropa, Cagayan, central Luzon, soccsksargen,caraga
• ring like appearance following invasion of RBC's

  ring forms
• early trophozoite

  ring forms
• blue cytoplasmic circle connected with/to a red chromatin dot (nucleus)

  ring forms
• remnants of cytoplasmic circle and chromatin dot are present

  developing trophozoite
• amount of rbc space invaded is significantly larger than ring forms

  developing trophozoite
• unorganized with evidence of active chromatin replication

  immature schizont
• visible cytoplasmic material surrounds growing chromatin

  immature schizont
• expands and occupies more space within the rbc

  immature schizont
• group of merozoites (fully develop stage)

  mature schizont
• number and arrangement of these merozoites vary

  mature schizont
• what are the two gametocytes

  microgametocytes and macrogametocytes
• microgametocytes is male or female?

  male
• macrogametocytes are male or female

  female
• it is lighter in color and chromatin mass is large and diffused

  microgametocytes'
• darker in color and chromatin mass is compact

  macrogametocyte
• a phase occurs in humans, vertebrae's and intermediate host

  asexual phase
• a phase occurs in mosquito and invertebrates and definitive hosts

  sexual phase
• what are the 3 life cycle of plasmodium spp?

  exo-erythrocytic cycle, erythrotic cycle and sporogonic cycle
• formation of merozoite

  schizogony
• formation of gametocyte

  gametogony
• formation of sporozoites

  sporogony
• what is the specimen of choice for plasmodium spp?

  Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears
• a smear ]it is used for screening slides

  thick smear
• a smear it is used in differentiation of Plasmodium spp.

  thin smears
• an allergic reaction or a periodic episode characterized by fever, chills, sweats, and fatigue

  paroxysms