Infection and response (1)

Cards (62)

  • What are pathogens
    microorganisms that cause disease
  • What diseases do pathogens cause
    communicable diseases
  • What can be infected by pathogens
    Plants and animals
  • What are bacteria
    Very small cells that can reproduce rapidly inside your body
  • How do bacteria make you feel ill
    by producing toxins that damage your cells and tissues
  • What are viruses
    Not cells, that reproduce rapidly inside your body
  • What do viruses do
    Replicate themselves using body cells machinery
    The cell ill burst releasing the viruses
  • How do viruses make you feel ill
    cell damage
  • What are protists
    single celled eukaryotes
  • What are parasites
    Protists that live in or inside other organisms and cause damage. They are transferred by a vector
  • How does fungi cause disease
    Hyphae grow and penetrate human skin or the surface of plants
    The hyphae can produce spores and spread to their animals and plants
  • How can pathogens be spread
    Water, air and direct contact
  • How are pathogens spread through water
    Drinking or bathing in dirty water
    Cholera is transferees by drinking water contaminated with diarrhoea
  • How are pathogens spread in air
    Droplets produced from people coughing or sneezing can be breathed in
    For example influenza
  • How are pathogens spread by direct contact
    Touching contaminated surfaces, touching shower floors or towels that the contaminated person touched
  • What is Measels?
    A viral desease
  • How is measles spread?
    By droplets from an infected person's sneeze or cough
  • What are symptoms of measles
    Fever and a red skin rash
  • Why is measles dangerous
    It can lead to pneumonia or a brain infection
  • How is measles prevented
    Most people are vaccinated against measles when they're young
  • What is HIV
    A virus spread by sexual contact
  • How is HIV spread?
    Sexual contact, or exchange of body fluids such as blood when drug users share needles.
  • What's the initial symptoms of HIV
    Flu like symptoms for a few weeks then no symptoms for years
  • How can HIV be controlled
    Antiretroviral drugs which stop the virus replicating
  • What happens if HIV isn't controlled
    The virus attacks immune cells and the body can't cope with other infections or cancers
  • What is TMV
    A virus that affects many species of plants
  • What does TMV cause?
    Discoloured mosaic patern
  • How does TMV effect the plant
    Discolouration means the plant can't carry out photosynthesis as well and it effects its growth
  • What is rose black spot
    A fungus
  • What does rose black spot cause
    Purple or black spots on the leaves, the leaves can turn yellow and drop off
  • How does rose black spot effect the plant
    Less photosynthesis can happen and it effects the growth of the plant
  • How does rose black spot spread?
    Through the environment in water or by the wind
  • How can gardeners treat rose black spot?
    By using fungicides and by stripping the plant of its affected leaves. These leaves then need to be destroyed so that the fungus can't spread to other rose plants.
  • What is malaria
    A disease caused by a protist
  • How is malaria spread
    Mosquitos are vectors
    They pick up the malarial protist when they feed off and infected animal
    Every time it feeds on another animal it inserts he protist into the animals blood vessels
  • What are symptoms of malaria
    Repeating episodes of fever- it can be fatal
  • How can the spread of malaria be reduced
    Stopping mosquitos from breeding
    Using insecticides or mosquito nets
  • What is Salmonella
    A type of bacteria that causes food poisoning
  • What are the symptoms of salmonella
    Fever, stomach cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea
  • How are the symptoms caused
    Toxins from the bacteria