types and methods of practice

• what is whole practice?

  Whole practice is a learning method where the entire skill or task is practiced as a whole, without breaking it down into smaller parts.
• practical example for whole practice

  performing a golf swing as a whole without breaking it down
• what is part practice?

  Breaking down a skill into smaller parts for practice.
• practical example for part practice

  tennis serve, breaking the serve down into 3 parts, which are practiced individually
• whole-part-whole

  attempting the whole skill, then practice in subroutines, then putting them back together to practice as a whole.
• practical example for whole-part whole

  a triple jump, identifying weakest part, practising it then practicing whole jump again
• progressive-part practice

  often referred to as chaining, a skill broken into sub routines, learning one link, then a second, two links are practiced together, then a third and so on, until all links can be practiced together
• practical example for progressive-part

  breastroke swimming, practising arm movement then adding legs, then breathing and so on
• massed practice

  very short or no rest intervals within the session, continuous practice period
• practical example for massed practice

  practicing hit in golf ball repeatedly with little breaks
• distributed practice

  involves relatively long breaks or rest periods between each attempt
• practical example for distributed

  spacing out sprint starts
• fixed practice

  practice conditions remain unchanged
• practical example for fixed practice

  badminton player repeatedly practicing and repeating the flick serve
• varied practice

  the practice should closely resemble the true life situation, with environment changes if needed
• practical example of varied practice

  shooting practice in football, with defenders being introduced