English language book

• What are adjectives?

  single describing words proving specific detail.
• Why are adjectives used?

  to create a specific impression of something, often to create a positive or negative impression
• What is an adjectival phrase?

  a descriptive phrase , providing specific detail .
• Why is an adjectival phrase used?

  to create a specific impression of something , often to create a positive or negative impression
• What is an adverb ?

  a word which describes a verb or an adjective, often ends in 'ly'
• Why are adverbs used?

  to provide more vivid detail , to add intensity , quote and interpret .
• What is an alliteration?

  repeated sounds , heard in the first letters of words
• Why are alliterations used?

  memorable , sometimes humorous , catchy , snappy , gets our attention for a reason , quote and interpret
• What is an allusion?

  an expression used to call something to mind / remind the reader of a second idea .
• Why are allusions used?

  to make connections , to broaden our understanding- to help us understand better , give it a wider meaning
• What is anecdote ?

  a personal story , a personal experience
• Why are anecdotes used?

  may convince the reader that the reader is being authentic , believable and be convinced by their words
• What is an appeal to a greater authority?

  use of expert advice or research to support a viewpoint
• Why are appeals to greater authoritys used?

  adds credibility , as back up evidence , makes opinions sound like facts
• What is assertive language?


  using forceful or self confident language
• Why is assertive language used?

  the confidence and self assurance makes us feel like we cant argue with them , making their opinion seem like facts
• What is bias?

  a strong , unwavering , one sided opinion / point of view
• Why is bias used?

  used to deliberately make you agree with their view point - cant argue with them
• What are bullet points?

  presentation technique

  ~ used to organise info

  ~ to create a list

  ~ to layout a set of points

  ~ to create checklist
• why are bullet points used?

  this form of layout aids clarity , it helps the reader see the key points in readable amounts
• What are captions?

  words under or beside an image , which describes what has been pictured
• Why are captions used?

  the words are explanations for what you see and how you should see it , it helps us feel what the writer wants us to feel
• Whats a cliché?

  a recognisable phrase which has been so frequently used , it has lost its original meaning
• Why are clichés used?

  to for, a rapport , a conversational and casual style - where the reader is supposed to recognise the expression and feel more comfortable that the writer is ' speaking their language ' . Quote and interpret
• Whats colloquial language ?

  slang , non-standard english , e.g 'gonna' 'well cool' 'lad'
• Why is colloquial language?

  using words that we use in friendly conversations , makes the person seem like our friend = builds rapport
• What is a comparative?

  a comparison between two things e.g faster , taller , smaller
• Why is a comparative used?

  to show differences for a key reason - quote and interpret .

  perhaps to show one thing as being better than others
• What is connotation?

  all words have a connotation - a deeper meaning / implication / message .

  e.g

  'guest in your home' = positive comment

  'intruder in your home' = negative comment
• Why is connotation used?

  work out what message is being expressed - e.g a feeling / emotion associated with the word
• What is contrast ?

  pointing out the difference or dissimilarity between things or situations
• Why is contrast used?

  to make us aware of the benefits / disadvantages of different viewpoints / aspects of something
• What are contractions ?

  shortening words by dropping letters or combing words

  e.g

  can not = cant

  i have = ive
• Why are contractions used?

  to speed the pace of the writing , often to sound more colloquial , conversational and informal = build a rapport based on familiarity
• What is a counter argument ?

  (ca) the opposite argument from what you believe / what you have been arguing
• Why is a counter argument used?

  to provide a fair and balanced point of view ; to show you understand the opposite interpretations; to give you a chance to refute/reject it
• Whats a diction?

  your 'diction' is your choice of words/vocabulary - think dictionary
• Why is diction used?

  different vocabulary choices send different messages

  e.g

  formal diction = impersonal 'proper',complex , developed

  colloquial =casual , conversational, informal

  poetic = imagery , imaginative, colourful
• What is direct adress?

  (directly addressing the reader) : using personal pronouns to speak directly to the reader

  e.g

  YOU
• Why is direct address used?

  engages the reader , retains our interest , and makes us believe this is relevant to us , personally for us