SCIENCE

    Cards (40)

    • Community
      Different species of organism that interact with one another in a given area
    • Population
      Group of organisms of the same species that lives in a community
    • Habitat
      Where an organism or population lives
    • Niche
      The role of an organism in its habitat
    • Abiotic factors
      • Light
      • Temperature
      • Water
      • Oxygen
      • pH (acidity & alkalinity)
      • Salinity (salt concentration)
    • Biotic factors
      • Plants
      • Other organisms
    • Producers (autotrophs/self-feeders)

      Organisms that can make their own food, e.g. plants
    • Glucose
      Food for plants
    • Consumers (heterotrophs)

      • Herbivores (eat plants directly)
      • Carnivores (eat animals)
      • Omnivores (eat both plants and animals)
      • Scavengers (eat dead animals)
      • Parasites (live in or on another living organism to get nourishment)
    • Decomposers and detritivores
      Organisms that use dead organic matter for food and return nutrients
    • Major roles/actions
      • Producers trap radiant energy from the sun and use it to convert inorganic molecules
      • Consumers use organic matter produced by plants
      • Decomposers convert organic matter into inorganic material
    • Carolus Linnaeus
      Founder of the modern taxonomy, author of "Systema Naturae"
    • Carolus Linnaeus is often called the father of taxonomy
    • Carolus Linnaeus is also known as Carl von Linné
    • Genus and species
      The scientific name of the domestic cat is Felis domestica
    • Writing scientific names
      Capitalize the first letter of the genus name, do not capitalize the species name, both names must be italicized when typewritten or underlined when handwritten
    • Levels of classification
      • Kingdom
      • Phylum
      • Class
      • Order
      • Family
      • Genus
      • Species
    • Evolution
      A change in a population of organisms over time
    • Lamarck's theory of evolution
      Theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics, theory of use and disuse
    • Georges Cuvier's theory of correlation of parts
      Hypothesized that the emergence and destruction of a species came about because of catastrophic events, known as the theory of catastrophism
    • Darwin's theory of natural selection
      Posits "survival of the fittest"
    • Charles Darwin's grandfather was Erasmus Darwin
    • Charles Darwin left England aboard the ship HMS Beagle
      December 27, 1831
    • Charles Darwin published "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection"
      November 24, 1859
    • Hermaphrodites/monoecious
      Each flower has both male and female sex organs
    • Dioecious
      Plants have male and female parts in separate flowers
    • Parts of a flower
      • Male organs: Stamen, Anther, Filament
      • Female organs: Pistil, Stigma, Style, Ovary
    • Asexual reproduction in animals
      The process whereby one parent produces offspring by cell division
    • Methods of asexual reproduction in animals
      • Fission (can produce an exact copy of the parent)
      • Budding
      • Fragmentation
    • Testes
      Male reproductive organ
    • Ovaries/Ovary
      Female reproductive organ
    • Flow of energy
      Energy flows in one direction as it is captured by producers and transferred to consumers
    • Food chain
      A way of describing the flow of energy in food through a community
    • Food webs
      They connect and overlap to form a network of food chains
    • Ecological pyramid
      Illustrates the flow of energy through an ecosystem
    • Types of ecological pyramids
      • Energy pyramid
      • Pyramid of numbers
      • Pyramid of biomass
    • Types of symbiotic relationships
      • Mutualism (both organisms benefit)
      • Commensalism (one organism benefits, the other is unaffected)
      • Parasitism (one organism benefits, the other is harmed)
      • Predation (one organism feeds on another)
    • Types of competition
      • Intraspecific (between members of the same species)
      • Interspecific (between members of different species)
    • Evidence of evolution
      • Direct evidence (experiments in the laboratory)
      • Indirect evidence (fossils, fossil record, embryological evidence, homologous structures, analogous structures, vestigial structures)
    • Six kingdoms of classification
      • Bacteria
      • Archaea
      • Protista
      • Plantae
      • Fungi
      • Animalia
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