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Cards (40)
Community
Different species of
organism
that
interact
with one another in a given area
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Population
Group of
organisms
of the same species that lives in a
community
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Habitat
Where an
organism
or
population
lives
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Niche
The role of an organism in its
habitat
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Abiotic factors
Light
Temperature
Water
Oxygen
pH
(
acidity & alkalinity
)
Salinity
(
salt concentration
)
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Biotic factors
Plants
Other
organisms
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Producers (
autotrophs
/
self-feeders
)
Organisms that
can
make their own food, e.g.
plants
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Glucose
Food for plants
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Consumers (
heterotrophs
)
Herbivores (
eat plants directly
)
Carnivores (
eat animals
)
Omnivores (
eat both plants and animals
)
Scavengers (
eat dead animals
)
Parasites (live in or on another living organism
to get nourishment
)
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Decomposers and detritivores
Organisms that use
dead organic matter
for food and return
nutrients
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Major roles
/
actions
Producers trap radiant
energy
from the
sun
and use it to convert inorganic molecules
Consumers
use
organic
matter produced by plants
Decomposers convert
organic
matter into
inorganic
material
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Carolus Linnaeus
Founder of the
modern
taxonomy
, author of "
Systema Naturae
"
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Carolus Linnaeus
is often called the
father of taxonomy
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Carolus Linnaeus is also known as
Carl von Linné
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Genus and species
The scientific name of the domestic cat is
Felis domestica
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Writing scientific names
Capitalize
the first letter of the
genus
name, do not capitalize the
species
name, both names must be
italicized
when
typewritten
or
underlined
when
handwritten
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Levels of classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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Evolution
A
change
in a
population
of
organisms
over time
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Lamarck's theory of evolution
Theory of
inheritance
of
acquired
characteristics, theory of
use and disuse
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Georges Cuvier's theory of correlation of parts
Hypothesized that the emergence and destruction of a species came about because of catastrophic events, known as the
theory of catastrophism
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Darwin's theory of natural selection
Posits "
survival of the fittest
"
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Charles Darwin's grandfather was
Erasmus Darwin
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Charles Darwin left England aboard the ship
HMS Beagle
December 27
,
1831
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Charles Darwin published "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection"
November 24
,
1859
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Hermaphrodites
/
monoecious
Each flower has both
male
and
female
sex organs
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Dioecious
Plants have male and
female
parts in
separate
flowers
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Parts of a flower
Male organs:
Stamen
,
Anther
,
Filament
Female organs:
Pistil
,
Stigma
,
Style
,
Ovary
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Asexual reproduction in animals
The process whereby
one parent
produces offspring
by cell division
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Methods of asexual reproduction in animals
Fission
(can produce an
exact copy of the parent
)
Budding
Fragmentation
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Testes
Male
reproductive organ
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Ovaries
/
Ovary
Female
reproductive
organ
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Flow of energy
Energy
flows in
one direction
as it is captured by producers and transferred to consumers
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Food chain
A way of describing the flow of
energy
in food through a
community
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Food webs
They connect and
overlap
to form a
network
of food chains
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Ecological pyramid
Illustrates the flow of
energy
through an
ecosystem
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Types of ecological pyramids
Energy
pyramid
Pyramid of
numbers
Pyramid of
biomass
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Types of symbiotic relationships
Mutualism
(both organisms
benefit
)
Commensalism
(one organism
benefits
, the other is unaffected)
Parasitism
(one organism
benefits
, the other is harmed)
Predation
(one organism
feeds
on another)
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Types of competition
Intraspecific
(between members of the same species)
Interspecific
(between members of different species)
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Evidence of evolution
Direct
evidence (experiments in the laboratory)
Indirect
evidence (fossils, fossil record, embryological evidence, homologous structures, analogous structures, vestigial structures)
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Six kingdoms of classification
Bacteria
Archaea
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
View source
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