Viral storyboard

• 1. virus enters host cell and replicates
  2. host cell release IFNa + displays viral peptide on MHC1
  3. virus kills infected cells and releases particles engulfed by dendrites
  4. dendrites activate Th1 and Th2
  5. Th2 convert B cells to plasma cells and they release antibodies
  6. Th1 activate CD8
  7. CD8 kill infected cells
  8. IFNa from infected cells, and IL2 and IFNy from Th1 activate NK cells
  9. antibodies neutralise viral proteins or guide NK cells to kill them
• Activated T helper 2 cells cause B cells to become plasma cells and produce antibodies. B cells are activated by the T cells via co-stimulatory molecules and the release of cytokines
• Activated T helper 1 cells cause cytotoxic T cells to become activated by releasing cytokines.
• cytotoxic T cells kill virally infected cells. They recognise them using MHC 1 molecules which present the viral peptide on the infected cell's surface.
• Natural killer cells get activated by IFNa released by infected cells and IL2 and IFNy released by T helper 1 cells.
• Virally infected cells secrete and express viral proteins. These viral proteins can be neutralised or removed by antibodies binding to them. OR bound antibodies may guide natural killer cells to recognise the infected cells and kill them.
• Dendritic cells present viral peptide to naive T helper cells on their MHC II molecule which activates the T cells.
• Virally infected host cells begin to release IFNa which causes the host cell to display parts of viral peptide on their surface MHC1 molecules. It also prevents neighbouring cells from getting infected.