lesson 2

• Kilowatt hour (kWh)

  Unit for measuring electric energy used in households, 1 kWh = 1000 watts
• Electric meter


  • Old style with dials
  • Digital meter
• Steps to read electric meter

  1. Stand directly in front

  2. Read dials from left to right

  3. Write down numbers passed by pointers

  4. Consult dial to right if pointer is on a number
• Electric consumption formula


  Present reading - Previous reading = kWh used
• Electric consumption examples

  • Household A: 2288 - 2150 = 138 kWh
  • Household B: 7810 - 7285 = 525 kWh
  • Household C: 4938 - 4605 = 333 kWh
  • Household D: 6795 - 6435 = 360 kWh
• Water meter


  Digital meter showing 7 digits, last 3 digits are decimal/fractional part
• Water consumption formula


  Present reading - Previous reading = Consumption
• Renewable energy sources


  • Bungee wind farm
  • Kaletagan solar farm
  • Magat hydroelectric power plant
• Renewable energy provides reliable power supplies, fuel diversification, and conserves natural resources
• Ways to conserve electricity and water: turn off lights/appliances, turn off water while brushing teeth, check for leaks
• Electric meter


  Measures the amount of electricity used, measured in kilowatt hours
• Electric meter


  • Has 5 dials (A, B, C, D, E)
  • Has a pointer that indicates the number to be read
  • Pointers turn clockwise and counterclockwise
  • Dials measure the number of kilowatt hours used (ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, ten thousands)
• Reading an electric meter

  1. Read all dials from right to left, starting from dial E to dial A

  2. Read the numbers by the pointer of the dial

  3. If pointer is between two numbers, record the lower/smaller number
• If pointer is exactly on a number, check the dial to the right to find the correct reading
• If the dial to the right has passed zero, use the number the pointer is pointing on the dial you are reading
• If the dial to the right has not yet passed zero, use the smaller number on the dial you are reading
• Calculating electricity consumed


  1. Subtract previous reading from present reading

  2. 10,752 - 10,537 = 215 kilowatt hours
• Calculating electricity bill


  1. Multiply electricity consumed by cost per kilowatt hour

  2. 215 kilowatt hours x 3 pesos = 645 pesos
• Water meter


  Measures the amount of water used, measured in cubic meters
• Water meter


  • Has 4 dials that only move clockwise
  • Read from right to left
• Reading a water meter

  1. Read from right to left

  2. If pointer is between two numbers, record the smaller number
• Calculating water consumed


  1. Subtract previous reading from present reading

  2. 4,792 - 4,661 = 131 cubic meters
• Water cost


  7 pesos per cubic meter
• Calculating water bill


  1. Multiply water consumed by cost per cubic meter

  2. 131 cubic meters x 7 pesos = 917 pesos
• Calculating total water consumption for 3 months

  142 + 203 + 192 = 537 cubic meters