Respiration Bio

• Respiration


  A crucial chemical reaction which takes place in every cell, using fuel to release energy for cell activity
• Inhalation

  1. Diaphragm pulls down

  2. Volume increases

  3. Pressure into lungs increases

  4. Air moves in
• Exhalation

  1. Diaphragm relaxes

  2. Volume decreases

  3. Pressure out of lungs increases

  4. Air moves out
• Gas exchange


  • Walls of alveoli are 1 cell thick
  • Small alveoli - 300,000,000
  • Large surface area
  • Moist and has rich network of blood vessels called capillaries
• Respiration happens all the time in plants and animals
• Photosynthesis only takes place when light is available
• Cilia

  • Fine extensions that waft mucus up the throat
• Diffusion

  The process by which gases move in and out of pores/stomata
• If gas exchange fails, we get colds, bronchitis and pneumonia
• Respiration is a crucial chemical reaction that releases energy for cell activity
• Respiration uses glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy
• The energy released from respiration is used to make new cells, pump important chemicals in and out of cells, and allow muscles to work effectively
• Indicators of increased carbon dioxide are lime water turning cloudy and hydrogen carbonate changing colour
• Photosynthesis produces glucose, which is then used in respiration
• Respiration happens in the mitochondria, while photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts
• What happens in the plant to facilitate respiration

  glucose is produced during photosynthesis

  gases move by diffusion in and out of pores / stomata
• gases move by


  diffusion
• inhaling 


  pulls flat

  increases diaphragm

  increases volume

  pressure decreases

  air moves in lungs
• exhaling


  muscles relax

  dome shape

  volume decreases

  pressure increases

  air moves out of lungs
• when do plants respire and when


  all the time and when light is available
• when do animals respire and does photosynthesis take place 


  all the time and never
• Indicator lime water turns colourless to cloudy- Co2 increase
• 2. Hydrogen Carbonate - increase Go₂
• 3. Cobalt chloride- detects water molecules
• energy released must be used to

  make new cells

  pump important chemicals in and out of cells

  allows muscles to move

  transmit impulses along nerve cells

  work effectively
• equation 


  glucose + oxygen > co2 +water + energy
• plants are multitasking because

  respiration happens in the mitochondria

  photosynthesis happens in the chloroplasts
• What does tar do to the lungs

  it is a carcinogen which causes cancer
• Smoking diseases? 


  Cornary heart disease

  cancer

  chronic airway disease
• Which chemcial is stored in cigarettes?

  Carbon Monoxide and nicotine
• What does the nose have to catch dirt or dust?

  stiff nasal hair and the air is moistened and warmed
• Inhaling and exhaling

  contracts inter muscles relax

  pulls flat diaprham dome shape

  increases volume decreases

  decreases pressure increase

  into lungs air moves out of lungs

  up and out rib fall downs and in