Xylem

• Water moves up the root against gravity due to cohesion-tension theory
• Water is dipolar (- from O2, + from H), enabling H-bonds to form between molecules, causing cohesion
• Capillarity of water is the adhesion of water sticking to other molecules e.g. xylem walls, narrower = more adhesion
• Root Pressure causes water to move into roots via osmosis increasing volume and pressure, causing water to be pushed upwards
• Water moves up the xylem due to evaporation from stomata due to negative pressure, H-bonds create cohesion, adhesion causes water to be pulled up