Module 6 science

• Eukaryotic cells - Cells containing membrane bound organelles
• Fungi - Eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients from dead organic matter (saprophytic) or living plants (parasitic)
• Bacteria - Single called prokaryote, including some that cause disease
• Enzyme - Proteins that speed up chemical reactions that can help build up or break down compound
• Binary Fission - A type of asexual reproduction where one cell produces two identical daughter cells
• Conjugation - The process by which bacteria transfer genetic material to one another through direct contact
• Endospore - Tough spore that allows bacteria to withstand freezing , drying out and heating
• Bacteria- Single celled procaryotes, including some that cause diseases
• Bacteria was first discovered by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek in the late 1600s.
• Prokaryotes- Single celled organisms with no nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
• Only 1% of bacteria cause diseas
• Bacteria is classified by shape: Rods, Spheres-cocci and spirals-Spirochetes
• bacteria size is about, 1-5 micrometers.Its smaller than Eukaryotic cells (Animal and plants)

  it’s larger than viruses.
• Endoscopes- Tough Spore that allows bacteria to withstand freezing, drying out and heating
• Conjugation - The process by which baxter transfer genetic material to one another though direct contact
• Bacteria do not truly sexually reproduce but they can exchange genetic material by conjugation
• Bacteria - Reproduction. If conductions are right bacteria can reproduce very quickly by binary fission. Some bacteria can reproduce every 20 minute.
• bacteria usually reproduce through binary fission, in binary fission a single cell divides to form two identical daughter cells.
• Most Fungi that cause disease are single felled Eukaryotes
• heterotrophs- Obtain Food by consuming others
• Fungi that cause disease are parasites
• Fungi Reproduces using Spores.This means that disease causing fungi can be transmitted through skin to skin or skin to object contact.
• How fungi cause Disease

  -Humans can in hale spores

  -Breaks in the skin allow spores to enter

  -The fungi disrupt cell function and can destroy cells.
• Fungal Infections are most prevalent in people with weakened Immune systems
• Fungi Grows best in places where its warm, dark and moist.Fungal skin infections can occur in places that are sweaty or damp like feet,Groin area,Mouth and underarms
• Common Fungal Infections:Athletes Foot,Ringworms,Thrush (yeast infection) and black mold exposur.
• How fungal Infections are prevented

  • Keep Skin clean and dry
  • Avoid sharing items like shoes ,Socks ,towels or bedding
  • wear cloths and shoes that allow air to circulate
  • make sure to wear socks and underwear
  • Wear sandals or flip-flops in locker rooms instead of walking bare feet
  • Disinfect surfaces such as gym equipment or mats
  • Avoid animals who have fungal skin infections
• Fungal Skin infections can be treated with over the counter anti fungal medications.

  In extreme cases may need a pr medication.
• Anti-fungal medication can treat fungal lung infections
• Fungi in lungs can be removed surgically if severe
• Protist - Eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animal, plant or fungi
• Protist can be unicellular or multicellular.They can be heterotrohs or autotrophs
• Most protist live in wet environments
• Diseases causing protists are heterotrophs.
• Protist can be mobil or immobile
• Vector - An Organism who transmits a disease or parasite
• Malleable: (Ability to hammered)
• Lustrous - Shin, shiny(reflects light)
• Ductile - Can be stretched into wires
• Flexible- Can be bent/can bend