Q4 SCIENCE 2 & 3

• • Spermatogenesis Definition - production of sperm cell
• • Spermatogenesis Duration - Takes place everyday
• • Spermatogenesis Cell Division - The division is equal and helps in the formation of haploid spermatids.
• • Spermatogenesis Growth phase - Short
• • Spermatogenesis Production rate - The production of sperms is in million daily.
• • Spermatogenesis Motility of the gamete - Sperms are motile
• • Spermatogenesis location - Testes
• • Oogenesis definition - Production of ovum or egg cell.
• • Oogenesis location - Ovaries
• • Oogenesis duration - Takes place once a month
• • Oogenesis Cell Division - The division of the cell is unequal and helps in the formation of one haploid ovum and 3 polar bodies.
• • Oogenesis growth phase - extended
• • Oogenesis production rate - Only one ovum is released once a month.
• Oogenesis motility of gamete - Ova are non - motile
• gametogenesis - Is the formation of gametes or reproduction cells.
• • Mitosis Where is happened - Somatic/body cells
• • mitosis Chromosomes no. of daughter cells - diploid
• • Mitosis no. of daughter cells produced - 2
• • Mitosis function - growth and development, repair.
• • Mitosis no. of cell division - 1
• • Meiosis Where is happened - Sex cells/ gametes / reproduction cells
• • Meiosis Chromosomes no. of daughter cells - Haploid
• • Meiosis no. of daughter cells produced - 4
• • Meiosis function - Reproduction, maintain the number of chromosomes into half.
• • Meiosis no. of cell division - 2
• • Prophase 1 - Homologous chromosomes pair up called synapsis and form a tetrad meaning four chromatids HC carry similar genes. Crossing over occur meaning they exchange of genetic materials. Now, Homologous chromosomes carry different genes due to crossing over.
• • Metaphase 1 - Line up along the equator. Independent assortment accur.
• • Anaphase 1 - Spindle fibers move homologous chromosomes to opposite sides.
• • Telophase 1 - Karyokinesis occurs, sister chromatids will decondensed and nuclear envelope reappear. Cytokinesis will follow 2 daughter cells are formed.
• • Cytokinesis - Division of cytoplasm occurs by forming cleavage furrow.
• • Prophase 2 - Sister chromatids starts to condensed and spindle fibers start to form.
• • Metaphase 2 - Sister chromatids or chromosomes line up along the equator, not in homologous pair.
• • Anaphase 2 - sister chromatids separate
• • Telophase 2 - Cytoplasm divides; 4 new daughter cells are formed.
• Enumeration:

  • Prophase 1
  • Metaphase 1
  • Anaphase 1
  • Telophase 1