black death wiped out 2/3 of europe bc diseases were spread throughout the trading routes (mainly silk)
reached throughout eurasia but MAINLY affected europe
Portugal and Spain sought new trade opportunities after the Muslim blockade
led Spain to discover the Western Hemisphere
led Portugal to find a sea route to India around Africa
Their control over global maritime routes filled the void left by China's isolation and rebuilt the trading system that was disrupted by the Black Death
This gave rise to the modern global trade system dominated by Europe, with the West growing wealthier while other regions became vulnerable to European trade dominance
The outcome was not entirely predictable and owed as much to European innovation and boldness as to contributions from other societies along the trade routes