ART APP midterms

• Stone Age


  Period of history when stones were used to make tools for survival
• Archeological explorations reveal that there has been a gradual shift from the nomadic lifestyle of early humans to that of permanent settlements, paving the way for the rise of early civilizations
• Paleolithic Art


  Product of climate change
• Artworks can be considered ornamental but there is little evidence to fully back up this notion, that early humans created these cave paintings for that very purpose
• Neolithic art


  Developed especially when life for early humans had become more stable
• Periods of Egyptian civilization

  • Old Kingdom
  • Middle Kingdom
  • New Kingdom
• Art in Old Kingdom Egypt


  Religion was bound to the afterlife
• Art in Middle Kingdom Egypt


  Internal struggle between powerful landlords and the pharaoh's authority, causing art to take a back seat
• Art in New Kingdom Egypt


  Monuments and sculptures still linked with death and reverence for the deceased
• After the New Kingdom, Egypt witnessed the Amarna Revolution led by King Akhenaton and Queen Nefertiti
• Periods of Greek art development

  • Geometric Period
  • Archaic Period
  • Classical Period
  • Hellenistic Period
• Geometric Period


  Geometric shapes and patterns took the spotlight in most of the artworks
• Archaic Period


  Importance placed on human figures, primarily a result of Greece's trading activities with other civilizations
• Classical Period


  Peak of Greek sculpture and architecture
• Hellenistic Period


  Art focused on showcasing emotions and depicting reality
• The Romans were fond of the Greeks and their achievements in the arts. The fusion of Greek and Roman cultures can be seen in most Roman artworks
• Early Middle Ages


  Most important products were copies of the Christian scriptures
• Renaissance Period


  Artists valued the "individual" as a subject of art, with a focus on naturalism and the proportionality of the human body
• Mannerism


  Artists would observe nature and try their best to emulate it based on their observations
• Baroque Period


  Considered a response to Protestantism, with the term "baroque" derived from the Portuguese term "barocco" meaning "irregularly shaped pearl"
• Neoclassicism


  Aimed to revive and rekindle the influences of Greek and Roman art and architecture
• Romanticism


  Used the central themes of Neoclassicist artworks as a springboard, highlighting heroic elements
• Realism


  Focuses on the accuracy of details that depict and somehow mirror reality, veering away from traditional forms of art
• Impressionism


  Incorporated scientific principles to achieve a more distinct representation of color, leading to a break from the tradition of European painting
• Post-Impressionism


  An art movement that emerged in France, resulting from both the influence and rejection of Impressionism
• Neo-Impressionism


  Considered a response to the empirical realism of impressionism, using systematic and scientific techniques to achieve predetermined visual effects
• Art Nouveau


  An ornamental style of art that was a break from conservative historicism, the prevailing and dominant theme of most Western artworks
• Fauvism


  A style of painting that used pure and vibrant colors applied straight from the paint tubes directly to the canvas
• Cubism


  Highlighted the two-dimensional surface of the picture plane, introduced by French artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque
• Futurism


  An early 20th-century art movement that started in Italy and highlighted the speed, energy, dynamism, and power of machines, as well as the restlessness and fast pace of modern life
• Modern art


  Saw the digression of artists away from past conventions and traditions and toward freedom, with the famous adage "Anything goes"
• Contemporary art


  Heavily driven by ideas and theories, and even the blurring of notions of what is and can be considered "art"
• Early movements in contemporary art

  • Abstract expressionism
  • Op art
  • Kinetic art
  • Minimalism
  • Pop art
• Postmodernism


  A critique toward modernism and its claim over art for the better of the 20th century
• Photorealism


  Resurgence of figurative art with realistic depictions, without asserting an artist's style
• Conceptualism


  Fought against the idea that art is a commodity
• Music


  The art of combining sounds of varying pitch to produce a coherent composition that is melodious, harmonious, intelligible, and expressive of ideas and emotions
• Program music


  Relates to elements of a story or poem, classified into imitative music, descriptive program music, and narrative music
• Folk music


  Traditional and spontaneous music of people, races, nations, or regions, passed down orally from one generation to another
• Art songs


  Composed with piano accompaniment, the work of a composer trained in music