ORGANIZATION

    Cards (50)

    • what are tissues?
      a group of cells performing a similar function
    • what are organs?
      group of tissues performing a specific function
    • what are organ systems?
      groups of organs that carry out similar functions
    • why is the left ventricle thicker than the right?
      because it needs to pump blood further throughout the body
    • describe the structure and function of capillaries
      one cell layer thick for quicker diffusion of substances
    • describe the structure and function of veins
      thin walls and valves to prevent the back flow of blood
    • describe the structure and function of arteries
      thick walls to withstand pressure
    • describe the function of phagocytes
      ability to change shape to destroy pathogens
    • name four plant organs
      spongy mesophyll tissue, palisade mesophyll tissue, epidermis, xylem
    • where is meristem tissue found?

      the growing tips of shoots and roots
    • where are most stomata found?
      spongy mesophyll tissue
    • why are stomata found in spongy mesophyll tissue?
      to let the CO2 diffuse directly into the leaf
    • what is translocation?
      the movement of dissolved sugars
    • what is transpiration?
      the loss of water from a plant
    • what is haemoglobin?
      a protein that binds to oxygen
    • what are enzymes?
      biological catalysts
    • what does amylase do?

      breaks down starch into sugars
    • what does protease do?

      breaks down proteins into amino acids
    • what does lipase do?

      breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
    • what does pepsin do?
      breaks down proteins in the stomach
    • what is a substrate?

      the chemical that fits into the active site of an enzyme
    • what does it mean when an enzyme is denatured?
      the active site is permanently changed due to pH or temperature
    • where is amylase found?
      salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine
    • where is protease found?
      stomach, pancreas, small intestine
    • where is lipase found?
      pancreas, small intestine
    • where does amylase work?
      mouth, small intestine
    • where does protease work?

      stomach (pepsin) and small intestine
    • where does lipase work?
      small intestine
    • what is coronary heart disease?
      build up of fatty material in coronary arteries, can lead to blood clots and heart attacks
    • what are the pacemaker cells?
      a group of cells in the right atrium that controls the heart rate
    • what is an artery?

      a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
    • what is a vein?
      a blood vessel that carries blood to the heart
    • what is plasma?

      the liquid part of blood
    • what does plasma transport?

      red blood cells, carbon dioxide, proteins, glucose, hormones, urea
    • what are platelets?

      cell fragments that clot wounds
    • what are advantages and disadvantages of stents?

      minor surgery but fatty material can rebuild
    • what are advantages and disadvantages of statin?
      reduces fat but has side effects
    • what are advantages and disadvantages of a heart transplant?

      long term but major surgery and could be rejected
    • what are advantages and disadvantages of an artificial heart?
      no rejection but short life-time and needs a battery
    • what are advantages and disadvantages of a mechanical heart valve?

      can last a life-time but can damage red blood cells
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