W7

• nucleic acids


  are large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses
• nucleic acids


  are long chain polymeric molecules
• nucleotides


  the monomer(repeating subunit of nucleic acids are known as _______?
• polynucleotides


  sometimes, nucleic acids are referred to as _______?
• DNA

  RNA


  types of nucleic acid (found within cells or higher organisms)
• DNA


  nearly all ______ are found within the cell nucleus
• RNA


  _______ occurs in all parts of a cell
• deoxyribonucleic acid


  DNA stands for
• DNA


  it is the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism
• DNA


  is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms
• genes


  _______ are made up of DNA
• ribonucleic acid


  RNA stands for
• RNA


  a molecule that is present in the majority of living organisms and viruses
• RNA


  it is made up of nucleotides, which are ribose sugars attached to nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups
• ribose sugars


  it is made up of nucleotides, which are __________ attached to nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups
• nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups


  it is made up of nucleotides, which are ribose sugars attached to ________ and ________
• adenine

  guanine

  uracil

  cytosine

  the nitrogenous bases of RNA includes _____
• adenine

  guanine

  thymine

  cytosine

  nitrogenous bases of DNA are
• DNA


  is double-stranded, forming a double-helix
• RNA


  is usually single-stranded, forms a single-helix
• deoxyribose


  sugar in DNA is
• ribose


  sugar in RNA is
• nucleotides


  the structural building blocks for nucleic acids
• nucleotides


  a three-subunit molecule in which the pentose sugar is bonded to both a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing hetero-cyclic base
• purine and pyrimidine


  nucleotide composition ; nitrogenous bases
• nitrogenous base


  compounds that form an important part of the nucleotides
• adenine and guanine


  nitrogen-containing heterocyclic bases under purine derivatives
• nitrogen-containing heterocyclic bases under pyrimidine derivatives


  thymine, cytosine, and uracil
• five (5)


  there are ____ nitrogen-containing heterocyclic bases of nucleotides of which are under purine and pyrimidine derivatives
• 2


  ___ types of pentose sugar are found in nucleotides, deoxyribose(in DNA), and ribose(in RNA)
• pentose sugar has five carbon atoms. its chemical formula is C5H10O5
• pentose sugar


  sugar that is used to store and produce energy in the body
• phosphate


  third component of nucleotides which is derived from phosphoric acid
• the phosphate group present in the nucleotide creates a covalent bond with the sugar molecule of the adjacent nucleotide to form a long chain of nucleotide monomers
• primary nucleic acid structure


  the sequence in which nucleotides are linked together in a nucleic acid
• the primary structure of nucleic acid is written from the 5' to 3' direction, where the 5' -end is on the left end, and the one-letter abbreviation of the nitrogen base represents the nucleotides
• the sequence or order of the nucleotides defines the primary structure of DNA and RNA
• the nucleotides in DNA are linked by phosphate groups that connect the 5' carbon of one nucleotide to the 3' carbon of the next


  primary structure of the DNA
• the nucleic acid backbone is a sequence of sugar-phosphate groups, which only differ in the sequence of bases attached to the sugars along the backbone ; primary structure of DNA
• consists of 2 polynucleotide chains wrapped around one another to form a double-helix


  secondary DNA structure