Module 2

• Statistics - is the art and science of gathering, analyzing, and making inferences (predictions) from the obtained numerical information.
• Data is the numerical information obtained in an experiment.
• Descriptive Statistics is concerned with the collection, organization, analysis of data.
• Inferential Statistics is concerned in making generalizations or predictions from the date collected.
• A population consists all items or people of interest.
• Sample is the SUBSET of population and is used to make decisions concerning the population.
• Data Sampling is a statistical analysis technique used to select, manipulate and analyze a representative subset of data points to identify patterns and trends in the larger data set being examined.
• Simple Random Sampling is the BASIC sampling technique where selecting a group of subjects (a sample) for study from a larger group (population).
• Systematic Sampling method happens when choosing the sample members of a population at regular intervals.
• Cluster Sampling is a method where you divide the entire population into sections or clusters that represent a population.
• Stratified Random Sampling is a type of probability sampling in which the entire population can be branched off into multiple non-overlapping, homogenous groups (strata) and randomly choose final members from the various strata which reduces cost and improves efficiency.
• Mean - the AVERAGE of data set
• Median - The value in the MIDDLE of a set of ranked data.
• Mode - the piece of data that occurs most FREQUENTLY.
• Circle Graphs - also known as pie charts are often used to compare parts of one or more components of the whole to the whole.
• Histogram - is a graph with observed values on its horizontal scale and frequencies on its vertical scale.
• Stem - the LEFT group of digits
• Leaf - the REMAINING group of digits on the right.