THEO FINALS

• Encyclicals

  These are the papal letters; they are formal documents since they are directly from the pope
• Encyclicals

  These are considered to be the main topic among all the written works. It generally answers all the various issues raised over the world
• Encyclicals of Pope Francis

  1. Lumen Fidei

  2. Laudato Si

  3. Fratelli Tutti
• Apostolic Exhortation

  These are considered to be magisterial document (More detailed)
• Apostolic Exhortation of Pope Francis

  1. C’est la Confiance October 15, 2023
  2. Amoris Laetita April 8, 2016
  3. Gaudete et Exultate March 19, 2018
• Pope Francis

  • Real name: Jorge Mario Bergoglio
• A Pope is free to choose their own name; consequently, Pope Francis' name was inspired by Saint Francis of Assisi, the son of a wealthy cloth merchant who was recognized for his ministry to the poor and impoverished, concern for nature and animals, and creating the Franciscan order.
• The Last 3 Roman Catholic Popes

  o Pope Francis (March 13, 2013 – Present)

  o Benedict XVI (April 19, 2005 – Feb 28, 2013)

  o John Paul II (Oct 16, 1978 – April 2, 2005)
• Lumen Fidei

  • The First Encyclical document of Pope Francis

  • It means “Light of Faith”

  • This is how the church tradition speaks by the gift of Jesus and it is inspired by the Gospel according to John 12:46

  I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness.

  • This document was issued on the solemnity of Saint Peter and Saint Paul
• Laudato Si

  • Latin word which means “Be Praised”

  • One of the inspiring encyclical letters of Pope Francis

  • This encyclical letter was regarded as the most important of all the encyclical writings that Pope Francis has written. (Gaudete et Exsultate was the 2nd and was considered a subtopic)
• C’est la Confiance

  • It is an Apostolic Exhortation that tells about trusting God

  • It is an honor towards St. Therese that’s why he wrote this document

  • Published in October 15, 2023 on the 150th birthday of St. Therese

  • Confiance – It means being trustful
• Lent Season

  • Lent Season is all about repenting our sins and remembering the suffering of our Lord (Paschal Mystery)

  • Begins on Ash Wednesday and ends on Palm Sunday (40th Day)

  o The means in the 40 days of preparation, we prepare for the Easter Sunday which is the resurrection of our Lord o In advent season, we prepare for Christmas (Christ’s Birth)

  o After Palm Sunday, the Holy Week will now start as we commemorate the death of our Lord Jesus Christ
• Maundy Thursday

  o Where the Last Supper of Jesus with his disciples happened

  o Washing of the Feet of Jesus

  o Where the betrayal of Judas for 30 silver coins happened

  o Indeed, the root of evil is money, man’s greediness
• Good Friday

  o Where Jesus Carry the Cross and died o It was called Good Friday because the death of Jesus means salvation of our sins. (We are saved)
• Black Saturday


  A day when we are not supposed to do other stuff other than praying
• Jesus was Crucified at the top of Mt. Calvary
• Jesus was crucified and there was a placard above his head named "INRI"
• INRI


  Means "King of Jews"
• Before Jesus died, he left Mary on the hands of John to take care of her
• That's why in the book of revelation, John wrote a lot because he was the one who take care of mary
• Jesus was crucified along with Dismas and Gestas
• Gestas


  The "Repentant Thief" who was crucified next to Jesus at His left and asked Jesus to remember him when he came into his kingdom
• When Jesus died, it was 3 PM in the afternoon as the sky began to darken
• Jesus’s Last 7 Words

  1. Father forgive them for they do not know what they are doing Luke 23:24
  2. Amen, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise Luke 23:43
  3. Woman, behold, your son, Behold, your mother John 19: 26-27
  4. My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? Matthew 27:46
  5. I thirst John 19:28
  6. It is finished John 19:30
  7. Father, into your hands I commend my spirit. Luke 23:46
• Easter Sunday

  o The first words of Jesus when he resurrects was “Peace be with you”

  o In Easter we may notice eggs around or what they called “Easter Eggs”. This is because chicken symbolized life like the resurrection of Jesus Christ
• 3 Things a Christian must do during Lent Season

  • Fasting/Abstinence
  • Prayer
  • Almsgiving
• Fasting/Abstinence

  • When you fast, you are with God in the 40 days of sacrifice without eating anything (1 full meal within a day is enough)
  • When our spirit is weak, we are to be tempted to do anything. Temptation is not a sin but rather being tempted is an already considered a sin
  • Just like Jesus was tempted by the snake or the devil 3 times, He managed to avoid being tempted
• Prayer


  • The highest form of prayer is celebrating the Holy Eucharist/Mass
  • Prayer during Lent focuses on our need for God's forgiveness. It's also about repenting (turning away from our sins) and receiving God's mercy and love
• Almsgiving


  • When we help our neighbors especially those who are in need
  • We help them without expecting in return (Charity)
  • According to the Bible, doing almsgiving must be done in secret. Not letting anyone know that you helped someone
• St. Lorenzo Luis


  The First Filipino Saint
• St. Lorenzo Luis


  • He was not a Priest, rather, he was a "Sakristan"
  • He was a Filipino child raised Catholic
  • He enjoyed serving at church
  • He became an extremely clean writer, duplicating essential documents
• Despite his death, Lorenzo is honored as an extremely heroic saint, the first from the Philippines
• St. Pedro Calungsod


  He was a Catechist who went everywhere to teach about Catholic Faith
• 4 Evangelists

  • Matthew (28 Chapters)
  • Luke (24 Chapters)
  • John (21 Chapters)
  • Mark (16 Chapters)
• The Lord's Prayer


  A central Christian prayer which Jesus taught as the way to pray
• Matthew 6.9–13


  The Origins in scripture of the Lord's Prayer
• Hail Mary


  Found in the new testament in the gospel according to Luke 1:26-28
• Beatitudes


  The word beatitude means Supreme Blessedness / Exalted Happiness
• The Beatitudes


  1. A lesson/words of Jesus taught to us

  2. Written by Matthew 5:3-12

  3. Written by Luke 6: 20-26
• The Beatitudes are the 8 sermons on the mount