PHILO

• Philosophy is often called the mother of all disciplines, simply because all fields of study began as philosophical discourses.
• Philosophy is a study of acquiring knowledge through rational thinking and inquiries that involves answering questions regarding the nature and existence of man, and the world we live in. 
• • Self is defined as a unified being, essentially connected to consciousness, awareness and agency (or at least with the faculty of rational choice)
• Socrates is the first martyr of Education, Knowledge and Philosophy.
• Socrates philosophy underlies the importance of the notion “knowing oneself”
• A person’s acceptance of ignorance is the beginning of acquisition of knowledge.
• Knowing ourselves lies in our own abilities and wisdom.
• Socrates way of teaching is called Socratic Method or Socratic Conversation
• Socratic Method or Socratic Conversation is both the role of teacher and student, asking and answering questions to stimulate thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presumptions. 
• Socrates was charged for corruption of minors and died as a martyr that fought against ignorance and narrowmindedness.
• Plato is a student of Socrates that is the reason why he followed the idea of Socrates in knowing thyself.
• Plato was called the Father of Academy (a place where learning and sharing of knowledge happens.)
• Plato also wrote several literature that tackles Politics, Human Nature and established the idea of Virtue and Intelligence. 
• According to Plato, a person who is a follower of Truth and Wisdom will not be tempted by Vices and will always be Correct/ Moral/ Ethical. 
• Plato believed in the division of a person’s body and soul which forms a person as a whole, aside from the material things that could be observed and associated with a person.
• Plato believed that the soul is divided into 3 different parts (Appetitive soul, Spirited soul, Rational soul) that have different views, leading to different behaviors. 
• Appetitive soul is the part of the person that is driven by desire and need to satisfy oneself. This satisfaction involves physical needs, pleasures and desires, objects, and situations.
• Spirited soul is the courageous part of a person. One who wants to do something or to right the wrongs that they observe. This is very competitive and is very active. Competitiveness drives one to expect positive results and winning.  
•  Rational soul is the the drive of our lives. The part that thinks and plans for the future (the conscious mind). It decides what to do, when to do it and the possible results one could have depending on their actions. 
• ST. AUGUSTINE is a saint and a philosopher of the church.
• St. Augustine follows the idea that God encompasses us all, that everything will be better if we are with God.
• St. Augustine idea of a man and how to understand who we are as a person is related to our understanding of who we are and how we question ourselves. 
• St. Augustine believes that teaching the church and establishing our sense of self with God identifies the essence of our existence and role in the world (the reason for this is because our bodies are limited). 
• RENE DESCARTES is a French philosopher known to be the father of modern philosophy.
• Rene Descartes known to be the father of modern philosophy, because of his radical use of systematic and early scientific method to aid his ideas and assumptions. 
• Rene Descartes believed in modern dualism or the existence of body and mind and its importance to one's existence.
• Descartes is known to be the proponent of the "methodical doubt" (continuous process of questioning) doubting, asking questions is part of one's existence.
• The "methodical doubt" is a continuous process of questioning, doubting, and asking questions is part of one's existence. 
• Descartes is known for the statement "cogito ergo sum" (I think therefore I am) and according to him, a person is composed of mind (thinks and questions what the body has experienced) and body (perceives from the different senses). 
• The body and its perceptions cannot fully be trusted or can easily be deceived (for example: there are times that we feel that a dream is real before actually waking up or having different perception of size based on an object's distance from the viewer).
• Descartes believes that we should focus on the mind in order to perceive who we are or the essence of our existence because we cannot always trust our senses.
• Descartes explained that the more we think and doubt what we perceive from our senses and the answer that comes from such thinking or doubting leads to better understanding of ourselves. 
• Descartes also emphasizes that being in constant doubt regarding one's existence is proof that a person exists. 
• •  JOHN LOCKE is An English philosopher and physician. 
• John Locke is the Father of Classical Liberation. 
• John Locke works paved the way to several revolutions to fight the absolute powers of monarchs and rulers of his time that led to the development of governance, politics, and the economic system that we now know. 
• John Locke work on the self is most represented by the concept "tabula rasa" (blank slate). 
• "Tabula Rasa" - The mind is blank at birth; it has no innate ideas.
• Locke believed that knowledge is acquired through experience. He said that all human beings are born with an empty mind and that they acquire their knowledge as they grow up.
• Locke does not disregard the experiences of the person in the identification and establishment of who we are as a person. According to him, the experiences and perceptions of a person is important in the establishment of who that person can become.