paper 1

• Beanpole families


  A multigenerational family in which each generation has one or very few members.
• what another name for reconstituted family ?


  Blended family or step family
• Civil partnership


  when people of the same sex have their relationship registered so it is legally recognised (gave same rights as married people before gays could marry)
• Cohabitation


  Living together without being married
• Dependent family members


  Family members who depend on other within the family due to their age, or lack of money. Dependent children are those aged 0-15 or those aged 16-18 in full time education and living with their parents
• extended families


  Households made up of several generations
• family


  Two or more people linked by birth, marriage, civil
• Family diversity


  different types of family structures that exist in Britain
• Lone-parent families


  families with one parent because of divorce, death or choice
• Nuclear families / cereal packet family


  a family made up of parents and their dependent children
• Reconstituted families


  when two adults with children from previous relationships marry (or cohabit) to form a new family. (otherwise known as 'step families')
• Same-sex families


  families with parents of the same sex
• Residential care


  the institution older people or disabled people live in such as a nursing home
• Residential care statistic

  Some older people live in institutions such as residential care and nursing homes. in 2011, 3.2% of people aged 65 and over lived in care homes.
• One person households - Reasons for changes


  this has increased from 6.6 million in 2015 to 7.7 million in 2015 (29% of households). This is due to older people living longer, often women living on their own after their partner has died. But it's also due to younger people who:

  •Are divorced

  •Live alone before marrying

  •Remain single and childless throughout their lives

  •Choose to live apart from their partner Are international migrants including students, who have moved to Britain to study
• foster care facts


  2015: 69,540 children looked after, 60% due to abuse. 75% of looked after children are in foster care, some specialise in emotional/ behavioural issues, others are secure units for offenders.
• Empty nest family


  A family where the children have left home and it's just the parents at home
• singleton family


  someone choosing to be on their own
• lone parents mothers fact


  Lone mother are considerably high in numbers compared to lone fathers by over 15 millions and they evened peaked more in 2009 but then slightly decreased in 2017
• monogamy


  Marriage to only one person at a time
• Polyandry


  practice of woman having several husbands (rare but found in the Himalayas)
• Polygyny


  men having more than one wife at a time
• Polygamy


  having more than one spouse at a time
• Rapport and Rapport (1982)


  Family diversity : C3OL

  - Organisational -Structure of families organised

  - Cultural -cultural/ religious differences between

  - Social class -class differences -e.g. middle class different to working class

  - Cohort -historical differences -family changing over time

  - Life course -families going through different stages and having different priorities over time.
• cultral diversity


  Different cultural, religious and ethnic groups have different family structures.These differences between families in their beliefs and values affect their lifestyles and ideas about gender roles, the domestic division of labour and childrearing,education and work e.g Different marriage practices: Polygamy,Monogamy ,Size of family.

  e.g south Asian family in Britain a

  have a disincentive family form based around patriarchal structures giving seniority to the oldest male.
• Life course diversity (rapoport and rapoport)


  Individuals are likely to experience living in many different family types throughout their lives Families at a specific stage in the life-cycle develop lifestyles that reflect their circumstances. e.g newylweds without kids, empty-nest family which affects their lifestyle, Might grow up in a nuclear family but parents get divorced , One spouse might die ,An adult might cohabit but then get married
• organisational diversity


  Differences in ways family roles are organised e.g Some families the mother performs most of the domestic tasks
• cohort diversity


  How family structures is depending on the events in the world e.g Younger people might be more accepting of same-sex families,World wars created more lone parents.
• Social class diversity


  differences in family structure are partly the result of income differences between households of different social classes. e.g here is greater instability in lower- class households which may result in changes in the family makeup. Additionally, social class has an impact on life chances e.g. educational attainment
• Communes


  Communes were popular in the 1960s and 70s, especially in the USA and some still exist today. Commune is a group of people who share living accommodation, possessions, wealth and property. Members of the commune make decisions together and try to achieve equality of the sexes and ages. Communal households may be based on shared political beliefs or environmental principles suchas avoiding products that harm the environment.
• Kibbutzim


  Kibbutzim were agricultural settlements set up by Jewish settlers in Palestine a century ago. It consists of a group of people who live together communally and value equality and cooperation between members. Each family has their own apartment and children sleep separate from mothers.
• nuclear family advantages


  better financial stability, the development of strong support systems for children, and providing consistency in raising children from established daily routines.
• nuclear family disadvantages


  most nuclear family are patriarchal leading to dual burden or leading to domestic family
• extended family advantages


  Sharing economic responsibilities. ...

  Child care support. ...

  Adult care giving. ...

  Building strong family bonds. ...

  A close support structure. ...

  Family culture and traditions. ...

  Companionship.
• extended family disadvantages


  privacy

  some feeling left out
• Functionalism and Family


  Functionalists take a Positive view of the family they believe that the family is one of the cornerstones of society. It performs essential functions which support social stability and social cohesion. Functionalist see the nuclear family as beneficial and necessary for smooth running of and personal Development.

  
  

  •Nuclear family is the norm in modern society

  •Family performs useful functions for both society as a whole and individual family members
• Agency of socialisation


  a social group or institution responsible for carrying out socialisation, e.g. family or education etc
• dysfunctional families


  families in which there is violence; physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; parental discord; or other negative family interactions
• Functions of the family: Murdock


  1. sexual stability

  2. reproduction

  3. educational

  4. economic needs

  SEER
• Expressive role


  the family member who provide care and emotional support to others family members