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GRADE 11
GENERAL BIOLOGY
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
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Three main functions of Female Reproductive System
Stores egg cells
/
ova female hormones
Create offspring
Give birth
Internal organs
Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Fimbriae
Uterus
(Womb)
Cervix
Vagina
External Organs (Vulva)
Mons Pubis
Labia Majora
(Outer lips)
Labia Minora
(Inner lips)
Vaginal Opening
Clitoris
Vulva - the external part of the female reproductive organs or
EXTERNAL GENITALIA
Ovaries
-
female
sex glands
Ovaries
- two rounded organs, one on either side of the uterus
Ovaries
- contains the ova, eggs, and hormones that cause the egg to
mature
Two types of hormones in FRS -
Estrogen
and
Progesterone
Ova (ovum) -
egg
,
female sex cells
Fallopian Tubes
- tubes that carry
eggs
, ova, from ovaries to uterus
Fimbriae - finger-like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes that reach out and "
grab
" the egg as it leaves the
ovary
Uterus (womb) - pear shaped hollow muscular organ that receives, holds and nourishes the fertilized ovum during
pregnancy
Uterus
(womb) - with
thick muscular walls
that are highly elastic and can stretch many times its normal size
Endometrium
- The uterine lining (
bloody tissue lining
)
Endometrium
- thickens to prepare for the
attachment
Endometrium
- shed during monthly
menstrual
period
Cervix - the
neck
of the uterus (lower portion); protrudes into the top of
vagina
Cervix
- the passageway between the uterus and the vagina
Cervix - site of glands that secrete
mucus
to lubricate the
vagina
Vagina
- an elastic, muscular tube that is a passagewat between the uterus and the outside of the body (
vulva
)
Vagina
- also called the
birth canal
Vagina
- the female organ for
intercouse
Vagina -
4
to 8 inches long; capable to
stretch
for birth of baby
Ovulation - when a mature ovum (
egg
) is released from the
ovaries
Ovulation
- travels along the fallopian tubes to the
uterus
Menstruation - the process of shedding the
uterine
lining discharging
blood
and tissue out of the female body
Menstruation - occurs only when an
ovum
is not
fertilized
The menstrual cycle occurs usually for
28
days
Menstrual Cycle - starts at
puberty
and continues until menopause (due to increase of
hormones
)
Days
1-8
menstruation -
Menstrual period
Days
9-13
- days before release egg hormones cause an egg to mature in one ovary ; body is preparing for egg
Day 14 - egg is released into one fallopian tube
Days
15-28
- days after egg is released; egg travel through fallopian tubes to uterus waiting to be fertilized
Menstruation
Body is preparing for
egg
Ovulation
Egg travel through the fallopian tube to the
uterus
waiting to be
fertilized
The most likely time to get pregnant us around
ovulation
time
Infertility -
inability
to get pregnant. Due to blocked fallopian tubes, failure to produce
eggs
, endometriosis, or and STD left untreated
Ovarian cysts
- growths on the
ovary.
Symptoms include a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen and abdominal pain, swelling, and bloating
Infections - symptoms inflammation of
vaginal
tissue, discharge, burning,
itching
and painful urination
Toxic shock Syndrome - associated with
tampon
use and some contraceptive devises; symptoms include fever,
chills
, vomiting, diarrhea, rash
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
(STDs) - diseases spread through
sexual contact
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