science 7

• the angular distance north or south of the equator

  latitude
• the imaginary vertical line that runs from north-south

  longitude
• lowermost layer and has the densest air. also known as weather sphere

  troposphere
• ozone absorbs ultraviolet rays (uv) from the sun and infrared radiation from earths surface

  stratosphere
• does not absorb the solar radiation

  mesosphere
• comprised of highly ionized or electrically charged gases

  thermosphere
• two characteristics of wind

  speed and direction
• measure of the distance traveled by air

  wind speed
• direction from which the wind moves

  wind direction
• locally known as amihan. is characterized by wide spread cloudiness with moderate rainfall and cool weather

  northeast monsoon
• locally known as habagat. the wind moves up across equatorial region.

  southwest monsoon
• major air pollutions

  sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen
• most harmful to human health and ecosystems

  sulfur oxides
• colorless, odorless, and tasteless hazardous compounds in air

  carbon monoxide
• 2 harmful oxides of nitrogen

  nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide
• complex chemicals that are composed of hydrogen and carbons

  hydrocarbons
• main gas pollutants

  particulates
• point at which earth is closest to the sun on its orbit

  perihelion
• point at which earth is farthest from the sun on its orbit

  aphelion
• solstice where the earth receives the most direct sunlight

  summer solstice
• solstice where the earth receives the least sunlight

  winter solstice
• shadow where light is totally blocked

  umbra
• lighter portion of shadow where light is partially blocked penumbra
• 3 types of solar eclipse

  total solar eclipse partial solar eclipse annular eclipse
• 3 types of lunar eclipse

  penumbra lunar eclipse, `partial lunar eclipse, total lunar eclipse