MAPEH exam

• Schubert developed lidier so that they had a powerful dramatic impact on the listeners.
• Verdi studied in busseto and later went to milan where his first opera "Oberto" was performed in La scala.
• Giacomo Puccini belonged to a group of composers who stressed realism
• Wagner was very much inspired by Ludwig van Beethoven .He was an advocate of a new form of opera which he called "music drama".

  The expressiveness is aided by the use of letmotifs.
• George Bizet

  -his famous opera is carmen.
• Libretto is the text of an opera.
• Score is the book that the composer and librettist put together.
• Recitative is the declamatory singing,used in the prose parts and dialouge of opera.
• Aria is an air ot solo singing part sung by a principal character.
• Tenor is the highest male voice.
• Baritone is the middle male voice.Common male voice.
• Bass is the lowest male voice.
• Soprano - highest female voice
• Colaratura - highest soprano voice.
• Lyric - bright and full sound
• Dramatic - darker full sound
• Mezzo-Soprano - most common female voice;strong middle voice;tone is darker or deeper than soprano
• Contralto - lowest female voice
• Acts - main division of opera
• Scene - setting or place
• Acapella - sung without accompaniment of music
• Cantabile - in a singing style
• Capo - head,the beginning
• Coda - closing section appended to a movement of a song or music
• Dolce - sweetly
• falsetto - is the more airy voice usually in a high pitch range
• Glissando - sliding quickly between 2 notes
• Passagio - parts of a singing voice where register transitions occur
• Rubato - slight speeding up or slowing down of a tempo of a piece at the discretion of the soloist
• Tessitura - the most comfortable singing range of a singer
• Vibrato - rapidly repeated slight pitch variation during a sustained note
• ROMAN

  -a considerably lower number of gladiators and chariot racing events
• ROMAN

  -public executions
• MEDIEVAL

  -Churches in Europe started staging their own theater performances during easter Sundays with 'biblical stories and events.'
• MEDIEVAL

  -an example of this kind of play is the 'Mystery of Adam'
• ROMANTIC

  -Opera 'carmen'
• ROMANTIC

  -melodrama and opera
• GREEK

  -the theater of ancient greece considered of three types of drama: tragedy,comedy and satyr play
• GREEK

  -the three well-known greek tragedy playwrights are Sophocles,Euriprides and Aeschylus.
• BAROQUE

  -this technology affected the content of the performed pieces,practicing at its best the 'Deux ex Machina'(god of the machine)