PR2

• • 1.) What is the message of this motivational activity?
  • 2.) Can a doctor be a researcher? How?
  • 3.) Can an engineer be a researcher? How?
  • 4.) Can a teacher be a researcher? How?
  • 5.) Can a student like you be a researcher? How?
• Experimental research


  Involves manipulation of variables
• Non-experimental research


  Does not involve manipulation of variables
• Quantitative Research (QR)


  Uses data that are in number form, so it cannot be easily misinterpreted
• Quantitative Research (QR)


  • Presents data in number form in graphs and tables to make large data understandable
  • Requires many people to answer a survey which is costly for the researcher
  • Can show that data from one group of people can be used to conclude about the whole group of people
  • Requires standardized survey questionnaires which means a long process of checking and asking permission
• Quantitative research (QR) uses data that are in number form, so it cannot be easily misinterpreted
• QR presents data in number form in graphs and tables to make large data understandable
• QR requires many people to answer a survey which is costly for the researcher
• QR can show that data from one group of people can be used to conclude about the whole group of people
• QR requires standardized survey questionnaires which means a long process of checking and asking permission
• Strength


  A characteristic that can be best done by someone. The strength of quantitative research talks about the advantage of using this type of research.
• Weakness


  A characteristic that can be poorly done by someone. The weakness of quantitative research talks about the disadvantage of using this type of research.
• Strengths of Quantitative Research

  • By using numbers, data cannot be easily misinterpreted
  • Statistical techniques, and use of graphs and tables make it easy to understand even large data in numbers
  • QR is replicable. Meaning, it can be conducted again using new respondents and methods
  • Data from a sample of respondents can be used to make generalizations of the population
• Weaknesses of Quantitative Research

  • QR requires many respondents which is difficult for data gathering
  • QR may be costly due to huge expenses in reproducing questionnaires for very large sample size
  • QR cannot answer "how" and "why" questions especially on sensitive issues like drug addiction, bullying etc.
  • QR requires more time to prepare standard research instruments for data gathering
• Quantitative Research


  Uses numbers, makes generalizations (single reality), uses hypothesis testing, requires careful planning before research is conducted
• Qualitative Research


  Uses words, gathers specific evidence (multiple realities), uses Focus Group Discussions and In-depth Interviews, design typically emerges as the research study develops
• Long ago, people believed the Earth was flat. Pythagoras proposed it was spherical, but was bashed. Later, Eratosthenes provided evidence that the Earth is rounded in shape, which is now an accepted fact.
• Quantitative Research produce OBJECTIVE RESULTS as opposed to SUBJECTIVE RESULTS in qualitative research
• What is meant by 'objective results'

  Quantitative research produces results that are factual, measurable, and verifiable, as opposed to the more subjective and interpretive findings of qualitative research
• Consulting google is just a search, but NOT REAL RESEARCH
• Research


  Looking again with the intention to bring new idea or information and not just borrow ideas
• Research


  1. Collecting

  2. Analyzing

  3. Interpreting information

  4. In order to increase understanding of a phenomenon of interest
• Research is a systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information in order to increase our understanding of a phenomenon about which we are interested or concerned
• Research


  A scientific, experimental, or inductive manner of thinking
• Practical research aims to discover truths about topics that interests or affects the researcher(s) in order to improve
• Research


  Came from the French word "recherché" which means "to go about seeking" or to "search"
• Importance of research for different students

  • Engages critical thinking skills for STEM students
  • Empowers ABM students with knowledge, skills, and experiences for the business world
  • Empowers HUMSS students to contribute to knowledge and address societal issues
  • Equips TVL students with skills, knowledge, and experiences to excel in their fields
• What research is NOT

  • Merely gathering information
  • Merely rummaging around for hard-to-locate information
  • Merely transporting facts from one location to another
• Why we conduct research

  • To find answers to unanswered questions
  • To find reliable evidence to support findings and conclusions
  • To discover new knowledge
• Marginal utility


  The additional utility (satisfaction) gained from the consumption of an additional product
• When analysing markets, a range of assumptions are made about the rationality of economic agents involved in the transactions
• If you add up marginal utility for each unit you get total utility
• The Wealth of Nations was written

  1776
• When the owner of Mang Inasal conducted preliminary research


  The food chain started small in Iloilo and became big and famous with many branches across the country
• Rational


  (in classical economic theory) economic agents are able to consider the outcome of their choices and recognise the net benefits of each one
• When modern teachers conduct research on teaching strategies

  It leads to better learning and higher student achievement
• When research is conducted on modern technology

  It reduces the burden of work
• When the 'invest-harvest' principle is applied to research

  It contributes to the socio-economic recovery of the country
• Rational agents will select the choice which presents the highest benefits
• When students engage in Science Investigatory Projects


  It trains them to be globally competitive