MAPEH FINAL

• • Comedy
  • Regular houses
  • Tragedy
  • Palaces
  • Pastoral
  • Woods
• • Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593)
  • Known as “Kit Marlowe”, worked during Elizabethan era
  • Not known for certain how many plays were written by Marlowe
• • William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
  • English playwright, poet, and actor
  • Greatest writer in the English language and world’s pre-eminent dramatist
  • England’s national poet, and the “Bard of Avon”
  • Arguably most influential writer in the English language, works continue to be studied and reinterpreted
• • Hamlet
  • Considered to be his greatest play of all time. Set in Denmark, follows tragic story of Prince Hamlet who grieves for his father and avenges for his death.
  • Romeo and Juliet
  • Classic love story of two “star-crossed lovers” whose untimely deaths unite their feuding households
  • Macbeth
  • Tightly written with short, punchy, and intense plot following the rise and fall of Macbeth from soldier to King to a tyrant
• • Julius Caesar
  • Based on true events from Roman history. Portrays conspiracy against Julius Caesar, his assassination, and its aftermath.
  • Much Ado About Nothing
  • Shakespeare's best-loved comedy. Combines comedy and tragedy with interesting texts from a stylistic point of view.
  • Midsummer Night’s Dream
  • Portrays the events surrounding the marriage of Theseus, the Duke of Athens to Hippolyta, former queen of the Amazons.
• • Henry V
  • Final part of a tetralogy, preceded by “Richard II”, “Henry IV, Part 1”, and “Henry IV, Part 2”. Written in 1599 based on the life of King Henry V of England during the events before and after the Battle of Agincourt in the Hundred Year’s War.
  • The Tempest
  • Followest the story of the sorcerer Prosper plans to restore his daughter Miranda to her rightful place through illusions and skillful manipulation. A play honoring the glories of reconciliation and forgiveness.
• Intentional Injuries

  • Use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or a group.
• • Bullying
  • Aggressive and repeated behavior using a physical, written, verbal or electronic medium
  • Can be a physical act or gesture, or any combo directed at another by one or more people.
  • Causes fear, physical/emotional abuse, damage to property, harassment, humiliation, and a hostile environment at school and community.
• • Physical Bullying
  • Use of physical acts to intimidate and control over the target. Unwanted by the victim and can cause damage to body or possessions. Common in schools.
  • Verbal Bullying
  • Mainly insults, taunts, name calling, and other types of verbal abuse. Often occurs via social media.
  • Cyber Bullying
  • Uses technology or electronic means to hurt/harm individuals
• • Anti-Bullying Act of 2003 (RA10627):
  • Prohibit bullying on school grounds, location, or activity not school related and through the use of technology
  • Prohibit retaliation against a person who reports bullying
• Tragedy

  • Tragedy delves into the downfall of a protagonist due to tragic flaws, external circumstances, or a combination of both. It evokes powerful emotions and often ends in sorrow or loss.
• Comedy

  • is characterized by humor, wit, and lightheartedness. It aims to entertain and make audiences laugh, often through cleverwordplay, absurd situations, and playful characters.
• Pastoral

  • the form exhibited a love story that featured romanticized characters such as shepherds and shepherdess, nymphs, and satyrs in a romantic rural setting
• English Renaissance theater were three stories high and centrally constructed around an open space.
• The Elizabethan era took place from 1558-1603 and Historians considered this era as the golden age in English history
• • Stalking
  • Person is repeatedly, watched/followed, or harassed making them feel afraid/unsafe
  • Traumatic and can make one experience nightmares, lose sleep, depression, or feel like you’ve lost control of your life
• Extortion

  • is a crime in which one person uses force, violence, orintimidation to make another person do somethingagainst their will.Usually involves a demand for money or property, but itcan also used to coerce the victim to perform someaction, such as giving a promotion or voting for a certainissue.Extortion often targets the victim’s person, property,family or friends.
• Bribery

  • A person (public officials, witness, juror)voluntarily solicits or accepts any benefitI exchange for influencing an official actso as to afford the giver better than fairtreatment.Unlike extortion, there is no coercion, soneither person is intimidated and bothengage in the act voluntarily. Therefore,both the giver and the receiver of thebribe can be held liable for bribery.
• Kidnapping

  • This is the taking away or detention of a person by force, threat, or deceit, with intent to cause him/her to be detained against his/her will. Kidnapping of a child is known as “child abduction, “ which is a separate legal category.Causes and dynamics of kidnapping in this country:
  • Kidnap-for-Ransom
  • Political and Religious Motivations
  • Economic factors (unemployment, poverty, opportunistic criminals)
  • Organized Crime and Syndicates (Chinese Community Targeted)
• Gang and Youth Violence

  • The victims and perpetrators are both young people.
  • Gang members are usually responsible for the majority of serious violence like gang war, bullying, drug trafficking , and sexual abuse in streets and night clubs.
  • Youth getting involved in violence is attributed to involvement in gangs.
• Barangay Human Rights Action Centers (BHRAC)

  • These centers, established at the barangay (local community) level, are essential in preventing gender-based violence. They raise awareness, provide support, and advocate for human rights within the communityStatistics on Violence Against Women (VAW):According to the 2022 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority, 17.5% of Filipino women aged 15-49 have experienced violence from their intimate partners
• Indoor Recreational Activities

  • Are those leisure pursuits that can be enjoyed within enclosed space.
  • These activities are often pursued for enjoyments, relaxation, socialization, skill development.
• Outdoor recreational activities

  • Are leisure pursuits that takes place in outdoor setting, such as parks, forests, mountains, beaches or tother natural environments.
  • Engaging in outdoor activities offers numerous benefits, including physical exercise, mental rejuvenation, and connection with nature.
• Volleyball

  • is indeed one of the most popular indoor sports worldwide and a dynamic game that requires teamwork, strategy, and skill.

  Badminton 

  • is another popular indoor sports enjoyed by millions around the world.  Overall, badminton as an indoor sports offer a combination of fast-paced action, technical skill, and strategic thinking, making it an enjoyable and engaging activity for players.

  Table Tennis 

  • also known as ping-pong, is a fantastic indoor sports.

  It is fast-paced, requires quick reflexes, and can be enjoyed by people of all ages and skill levels.
• Hiking

  • This is a long vigorous walk, usually on trails or footpaths, on the countryside.

  Camping

  • An outdoor recreational activity that involves overnight

  stays away from home.

  Kayaking/Canoeing

  • Paddle down rivers, lakes, or coastal waters, immersing yourself in the beauty of nature.

  Surfing

  • Ride the waves and feel the rush of adrenaline as you conquer the ocean’s swell.
• Grand operas


  known as serious works in the mid-nineteenth century, which became generally popular. Stage plays have different categories.
• Florence


  The first opera was given in _______ using a Greek myth as a subject.
• Opera


  is a form of theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by singers, but is distinct from musical theatre.
• Aria


  Is a very significant part of the opera, giving an opportunity for the leading characters to express deep feelings of love, farewell, and the like.
• Aria


  Is also a self-contained piece for one-voice with or without instrumental or orchestral accompaniment.
• Libretto


  Arranged in acts and scenes contained in
• Opera score


  When the composer sets the music on this libretto, the work is called
• Opera comique


  the short one with a humorous subject is called
• Operetta


  Is a small opera wherein the characters speak between songs, unlike in an opera where the entire drama is set to music.
• Italian, French, German


  Main languages used in opera
• Soprano


  highest female voice
• Mezzo soprano


  Female voice of the middle range.
• Alto


  lowest female voice
• Countertenor


  Male who sings in a female pitch range using a special kind of voice production.
• Tenor


  Highest male voice