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Cards (38)

  • Hormones

    Chemical messengers that regulate activities in target tissues and organs
  • How hormones work
    1. Hormones bind to specific receptors on target cells
    2. Hormones trigger changes in cell activity when bound to receptors
  • Number of hormones in the body
    • Over 40 hormones
  • Hormone regulation

    The body regulates hormone levels through various methods, including nerve signals that can increase or decrease hormone release
  • Feedback mechanisms

    • Monitor and adjust hormone levels in the blood or other chemicals affected by hormones
  • Positive feedback

    Increased hormone secretion leads to even more hormone production, amplifying the deviation from normal levels as needed in specific situations
  • Negative feedback

    Regulates hormone production by preventing excessive secretion, maintaining hormone levels near normal values. It inhibits production when levels are high and stimulates production when levels are low
  • Liver and pancreas

    • The liver helps with metabolism, detoxification, and digestion
    • The pancreas produces important enzymes and hormones
    • Together, they help regulate blood sugar levels and other key functions
  • Hormones and the immune system
    • Stress hormones like cortisol can weaken the immune system, while others like those from exercise can enhance it
    • Some hormones directly regulate immune cell activity
    • Their relationship is complex and involves maintaining balance for overall health
  • Hormonal imbalance

    When the levels of certain hormones in the body are either too high or too low, disrupting the body's normal functions
  • Effects of hormonal imbalance
    • Insomnia
    • Weight Gain/Loss
    • Hair Loss
    • Mood Swings
    • Infertility
    • Irregular Menstruation(PCOS)
    • Acne
    • Depression
  • Hormones

    Substances secreted by a gland that are carried elsewhere to influence the function of specific cells or organs
  • Hormones

    • Play a crucial role in regulating almost every function in the human body
  • How hormones work
    1. Hormone is released from a gland
    2. Enters the body through the bloodstream
    3. Reaches its destination
    4. Binds to receptors on target cells
  • Hormones

    Substances secreted by a gland that are carried elsewhere to influence the function of specific cells or organs
  • Hormones

    • Play a crucial role in regulating almost every function in the human body
  • How hormones work
    1. Hormone is released from a gland
    2. Enters the body through the bloodstream
    3. Reaches its destination
    4. Binds to receptors on target cells
  • Hormone receptors

    Sites where hormones bind, like a key in a lock
  • Hormones affect mood and behavior by interacting with neurotransmitters and receptors in the brain
  • The menstrual cycle is a natural process. It is a complex cycle controlled by female hormones that cause regular bleeding (periods)
  • MENSTRUAL CYCLE IS A PERIOD IN WHICH THE OVUM MATURES
  • MENARCHE IS THE ONSET OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN A YOUNG FEMALE OF AGE OF 13-15 YEARS.
  • MENOPAUSE IS THE PERMANENT STOPPAGE OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN A FEMALE OF 45-50 YEARS
  • There are 4 phases in menstrual cycle : Menstrual phase, Follicular phase, Ovulatory phase, Luteal phase
  • Menstruation is commonly known as a period. When you menstruate, your uterus lining sheds and flows out of your vagina. Your period contains blood, mucus and some cells from the lining of your uterus. The average length of a period is three to seven days.
  • The follicular phase starts on the first day of your period and lasts for 13 to 14 days, ending in ovulation. The pituitary gland in the brain releases a hormone to stimulate the production of follicles on the surface of an ovary. Usually, only one follicle will mature into an egg
  • Ovulation is when a mature egg is released from an ovary and moves along a fallopian tube towards your uterus. This usually happens once each month, about two weeks before your next period
  • After ovulation, cells in the ovary (the corpus luteum), release progesterone and a small amount of oestrogen. This causes the lining of the uterus to thicken in preparation for pregnancy
  • Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted bacterium called Neisseria Gonorrhoede, which invades the epithelial lining of the vagina and the male urethra. This results in a discharge called pus.
  • AIDS also known as Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome was caused by HIV or Human Immunodeficiency Virus which weakens and attacks the immune system. It was first reported in 1981 causing a continuous infection until today since no reported cure has been discovered. The disease is more contagious during the initial months after infection.
  • Isaac Asimov is one of the notable persons who have died of complications due to AIDS
  • Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the Treponema Pallidum Bacterium. Most often, it spreads through sexual contact. The disease starts as a sore that's often painless and typically appears on the genitals, rectum or mouth. This disease can cause serious or life-threatening health problems
  • Congenital syphilis affects babies born to infected mothers, leading to symptoms like deafness and tooth deformities
  • Primary Syphilis The first symptom of syphilis is a small sore called a chancre. The sore is often painless
  • Secondary Syphilis You may get a rash that often starts on the trunk of the body. That includes the chest, stomach area, pelvis and back.
  • Latent Syphilis This also is called the hidden stage because you have no symptoms. The latent stage can last for years.
  • Tertiary Syphilis Up to 30% to 40% of people with syphilis who don't get treatment have complications known as tertiary syphilis. Another name for it is late syphilis.
  • In Tertiary Syphilis, the disease may damage the: Brain. Nerves. Eyes. Heart. Blood vessels. Liver. Bones and joints