organelles

• Various forms of cells
• Plant and Animal Cells

  • Figure 7-5
• Cell Membrane

  A semi-permeable layer that surrounds the cell, it is a lipid bi-layer in nature, it regulates the entry and exit of substances into the cell, gives the cell its peculiar shape and elasticity, maintains the territorial integrity of the cell

  
• Cytoplasm

  Composed of largely water, ions and other cellular minerals needed by cell, provides the surface area for all metabolic/chemical reactions to take place within the cell, also control and regulates the intra-cellular transport of molecules, it embeds all other organelles of the cell

  
• Nucleus

  Holds the DNA, Nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps make ribosomes
• Ribosomes


  Makes proteins, found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic
• Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

  The internal delivery system of the cell, Rough ER: Rough appearance because it has ribosomes, helps make proteins, Smooth ER: No ribosomes, makes fats or lipids
• Golgi Complex

  The shippers, packages, modifies, and transports materials to different location inside/outside of the cell, appearance: stack of pancakes
• Lysosomes

  The clean-up crews, to break down food into particles the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells
• Mitochondria

  The powerhouse, Energy formation, Breaks down food to make ATP, ATP is the major fuel for all cell activities that require energy
• Vacuoles

  Stores water, this is what makes lettuce crisp, when there is no water, the plant wilts
• Chloroplasts

  Traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell, green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment