The humanistic approach

• What is central to the humanistic approach?

  Concept of free will
• What does the humanistic approach reject?

  Attempts to establish scientific principles
• What should psychology focus on according to the humanistic approach?

  Subjective experiences
• What is at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

  Self-actualisation
• What does self-actualisation mean?

  Innate tendency to achieve full potential
• What must be met before self-actualisation can occur?

  Four lower deficiency needs
• What does the humanistic approach emphasize about the self?

  Values of 'I' and 'me'
• What is the aim of therapy in the humanistic approach?

  Establish congruence between self-concept and ideal self
• Who argued that personal growth requires congruence between self-concept and ideal self?

  Carl Rogers
• What happens if the gap between self-concept and ideal self is too large?

  Incongruence occurs, hindering self-actualisation
• How can parents' conditions of love affect personal growth?

  They may prevent unconditional positive regard
• What psychological problems can arise from conditional love from parents?

  Feelings of worthlessness and low self-concern
• What has the humanistic approach influenced in psychology?

  Counselling practices
• What are the three essential elements Rogers' client-centered therapy should provide?

  • Genuineness
  • Empathy
  • Unconditional positive regard
• What are the aims of Rogers' client-centered therapy?

  Increase self-worth and reduce incongruence
• What are the levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs from bottom to top?

  1. Physiological
  2. Safety
  3. Love/Belonging
  4. Esteem
  5. Self-actualisation
• What is a strength of the humanistic approach?

  Promotes idea of control over one's life
• What is a limitation of the humanistic approach?

  Limited application in the real world
• What cultural bias may the humanistic approach have?

  Emphasis on individualism over collectivism
• How do collectivist cultures differ from the humanistic approach?

  They emphasize group identity and interdependence
• What is the focus of the humanistic approach in psychology?

  It emphasizes free will and personal choice
• What does the humanistic approach suggest about individual behavior?

  Individuals can choose their behavior actively
• What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs explain?

  Human motivation based on different needs
• What is self-actualization in Maslow's hierarchy?

  Realization of personal potential and growth
• What are innate needs according to the humanistic approach?

  Characteristics existing from birth in organisms
• How do deficiency needs differ from growth needs?

  Deficiency needs must be met before growth needs
• What is the significance of safety needs?

  They ensure security and freedom from danger
• What is the role of growth needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

  They relate to personal development and fulfillment
• How does the humanistic approach view empathy?

  As a crucial aspect of human relationships
• What does the term 'self' refer to in the humanistic approach?

  One's inner personality and identity
• Why is acceptance important in the humanistic approach?

  It fosters personal growth and self-acceptance
• How do the concepts of support and empathy relate to personal development?

  They enhance emotional well-being and growth
• What is the essence of the self in the humanistic perspective?

  It represents the true essence of a person
• How does the humanistic approach view personal potential?

  As something that can be fully realized
• What is the relationship between self-actualization and personal fulfillment?

  Self-actualization leads to personal fulfillment
• What does the humanistic approach emphasize about human nature?

  It emphasizes the inherent goodness of people
• How does the humanistic approach differ from behaviorism?

  It focuses on internal experiences, not just behavior
• What implications does the humanistic approach have for therapy?

  It promotes client-centered and empathetic therapy
• What is the concept of self in psychology?

  It expresses empathy, support, and acceptance
• How does the self relate to a person's identity?

  It is the humanistic term for one's identity