ADMINISTRATIVE METHODS

• formation of large bureaucracies

  Devshirme System
• devshrime system

  • Ottomans used this system to staff their bureaucracy with highly trained individuals
  • Top performers were appointed to elite positions in the Ottoman bureaucracy
• • development of military professionals
• religious ideas, art, & monumental architecture

  Europe's Divine Right of Kings
• Divine Right of Kings

  the idea that monarchs were God's representatives on Earth
• innovations on tax collection systems

  the Mughal’s Zamindar System, the Ottoman’s tax farming system, and Aztec’s tribute collection
• Zamindars

  • elite landowners who were granted authority to tax peasants living on their land on behalf of the imperial government