Math

• What is the difference between categorical and quantitative data?

  Categorical data: Descriptive labels or names. Quantitative data: Numerical values representing quantities.
• what is stratified sampling?

  Sampling technique where the population is divided into distinct groups or strata, and a random sample is taken from each stratum.
• what is quota sampling?

  a variation of stratified sampling; samples are collected in each subgroup until the desired quota is met
• what is cluster sampling?

  Sampling method where the population is divided into clusters and a random sample of clusters is selected for data collection.
• what is systematic sampling?

  Sampling method where every nth individual in a population is selected for inclusion in the sample.
• what is the voluntary response bias?

  when samples are volunteers
• what is the self-interest study?

  when researchers have a personal interest in the outcome
• what is the response bias?

  when a responder gives an inaccurate response for any reason
• what is the perceived lack of anonymity?

  the responder fears giving a honest response due to how it might affect them
• what are loaded questions?

  when the question wording influences the response