L1-L3 quiz

• An electron


  has one negative charge
• a proton 


  is found in the nucleus of the atom
• atoms are neural in nature
• number of protons=number of electrons in neural atom
• nonpolar molecules tend to aggregate in water because they are forced to come into close proximity with each other due to

  hydrophobic interactions
• oxygen has an atomic mass of 16 and an atomic number of 8. Meaning that the number of neutrons in this type of oxygen is

  8
• an orbital may contain no more than

  2 electrons
• sodium has 11 electrons arranged in 3 energy levels. the outer energy level has only one electron, to become stable it will lose this electron and will subsequently become an ion with

  1 positive charge
• the atomic number of an element is equal to the number of

  protons only
• the chemical behaviour of an atom is determined by

  its electrons
• water is important in living things because:

  adheres to substances (because it is polar), has high specific heat and resists temperature change, is a good solvent (most things dissolve in it), has high heat of vaporisation and low density of ice
• a covalent bond forms when 2 atoms share a pair of electrons
• _ is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in the solution

  pH
• _ of an element have atoms with the same atomic numbers but different numbers of neutrons


  isotopes
• the negatively charged particles with very little mass, orbit around the nuclear core of the atom. These are named:


  electrons
• water molecules are polar with parts that exhibit partial positive and negative charges. Such opposite charges make water molecules attract each other through weak bonds called _ bonds


  hydrogen
• when atoms gain or lose electrons, they become negatively or positively charged. They then are attracted to each other by _ bonds


  ionic
• how many lone pairs of electrons does ammonia possess

  1
• aldehydes are very reactive
• 2-methlybutane and pentane are _ isomers of one another

  structural
• enantiomeric forms of a compound are mirror images of each other, which cannot be superimposed upon one another