DNA, genes, chromosomes

• gene

  a base sequence of DNA that codes for a polypeptide or functional RNA
• locus

  the position of a gene on a chromosome
• intron

  a non coding sequence found within a gene
• exon

  a sequence of DNA that codes for polypeptide
• chromosome

  the combination of DNA and histones (the DNA wrapped around histones)
• homologus

  two chromosomes that contain the same genes (one from mother, one from for father) but may have different alleles
• allele

  an alternative form of a gene
• histone

  circular proteins combined with DNA to make a chromosome
• genome

  the complete set of all genes in a cell
• protenome

  The full range of proteins produced by the genome
• triplet code

  3 bases of DNA that code for a single amino acid
• universal

  the triplet code codes for the same amino acid in all organisms
• non overlapping

  the bases are reads in triplets and then the next codon is read
• degenerate

  amino acid are coded for by more than one triplet code
• how does the location of DNA differ in eukaryotes vs prokaryotes

  Eukaryote - in a membrane (nucleus)

  Prokaryote - In cytoplasm (naked)
• Is DNA linear or circular in eukaryotes?

  linear
• is DNA linear or circular in prokaryotes

  circular
• What is the intron and exon content in eukaryotic DNA vs Prokaryotic DNA

  eukaryotic - Has introns and exons

  prokaryotic - only exons
• is DNA associated with histones in eukaryotes

  yes
• is DNA associated with histones in prokaryotes

  no