europeans adopted and innovated maritime technology
technologies came from Classical Greek, Islamic, and Asian worlds
Magnetic Compass: China
Astrolabe: Ancient Greece and Arab world
Lateen Sails: Arab world
europeans made their own innovations in shipbuilding
the portuguese caraval was much smaller than the chinese junk, which made the caravel more easy to travel
europeans improved their understanding of regional wind patterns in Atlantic and Indian Ocenas
europeans growth of state power caused them to expand
europeans economic caused them to expand
europe’s economy
mercantilism, favorable balance of trade, joint-stock company
mercantilism
a state-drive economic system that characterizes imperial European states during this period
measured wealth like gold and silver
favorable balance of trade
when states organize their economies around exports and avoid imports as much as possible
joint-stock company
limited liability business, often chartered by the state, that was funded by a group of private investors
states relied on merchants to expand their influence in far-off lands while merchants relied on states to grant them monopolies on various regions of trade
