Psycodynamic

• Superego:


  Blackburn 1993 stated that offending behaviour was inevitable due to a inadequate Superego as the ID has free rein and is not controlled properly
• Types of Superego

  3 types

  1. Weak

  Same sex parent absent during phallic stage, child internalises a Superego which is not fully formed due to a lack of internalisation

  2. Deviant

  Child internalises a superego with immoral / deviant values

  Ie: a child being raised by a criminal father will not associate guilt with any wrongdoing

  3. Over-harsh

  derives from harsh parenting leading to a over-harsh superego crippled with guilt and anxiety

  Unconsciously lead child to criminal behaviour to fulfil the Superego's overwhelming need for punishment
• Role of emotion:


  effect of inadequate Superego is to allow primitive, emotional demand to be the uppermost in guiding moral behaviour.

  • apprach different from the others as it recognises the effect of emotion in offending behaviour ie guilt
• Theory of maternal deprivation

  argued that in order to form meaningful relationships later in life, was dependent on the need for a loving, warm and continuous relationship with a mother figure.

  Failure to establish such relationship during the first few years in childhood would lead to irreversible consequences in later life