cell specialisation

• Stem cell


  A cell that can divide (by mitosis) an unlimited number of times
• Stem cell division

  Each new cell has the potential to remain a stem cell or to develop into a specialised cell (by a process known as differentiation)
• how are red blood cells adapted to their function

  they are small to allow movement through narrow capillaries
• how are sperm cells adapted to their function

  they are long to allow for movement towards the egg cell
• how are nerve cells adapted to their function

  they have a large cell body to allow fo protein synthesis
• how are muscle cells adapted to their function

  they are larger than normal cells to exert force during muscle contraction
• what is the rate of metabolism dependent on

  the mass or volume of a cell
• what is the rate of exchange dependent on

  the surface area