Science 7 Q4

• Equator


  Great circle on the globe
• Globe


  three-dimensional representation of the earth
• Lines of Latitude 


  divide the earth into 180 equal portions from north to south
• Lines of Longitude


  perpendicular to the equator, these lines divide earth into 360 equal portions
• Latitude 


  horizontal line that divides the earth into northern and southern part
• Degree


  unit used in measuring the latitude of the globe
• Geographic Coordinate System


  one way to locate the places, this system uses degrees of latitude and longitude to describe the location of specific places on earth
• Two types of natural resources

  • Renewable
  • Nonrenewable
• Renewable 


  they can grow again and never run out
• Nonrenewable


  they can run out or be used up which means there is only a limited supply or available only in limited amount
• Solar energy


  energy from the sun
• Geothermal energy


  harnessed heat within the earth
• Hydropower


  derived from fast-flowing water
• Wind energy


  generated from wind
• Biomass


  energy from decomposition of organic wastes
• Troposphere


  Weather occurs in this layer because it contains most of the water vapor
• Stratosphere


  We can found the ozone layer here
• Mesosphere


  Middle layer, burning of meteors occur here
• Thermosphere


  This is the hottest layer where auroras occur
• Exosphere


  Upper limit of our atmosphere, it extends to outer space. Satellites are also stationed here
• Carbon dioxide 


  made up of carbon and oxygen. this gas comes around naturally, and is released from decaying and living organisms, and also when burning fossil fuels. It is the most important contributor to human-caused global warming
• Ozone 


  It blocks the sun radiation, which helps protect us from the powerful rays
• Water vapor


  Water in gas form
• Methane


  made of carbon and hydrogen, normal gas released from wetlands. It is considered the second most important contributor to human-caused global warming of all greenhouse gases
• Nitrous Oxide


  It is released when some type of factories, power plants, and plant fertilizer. It damages the ozone layer and is a powerful greenhouse gas
• Chlorofluorocarbons


  Fluorinated gases are not created in nature. They damage the protective ozone layer and are powerful green house gas
• Sources that produce greenhouse gases

  • Natural resources
  • Man-made resources
• Global warming


  When more heat is trapped by the greenhouse gases, the earth becomes warmer.
• Breezes


  winds that are evident near bodies of water. they are localized winds that are experienced by those living in coastal areas
• Sea breeze 


  takes place in the day
• Land breeze


  takes place in the night
• Wind


  Moving air that is moving horizontally
• Land loses heat faster than bodies of water at night
• Land heats up faster than bodies of water during the day
• Monsoons


  they are commonly mistaken as rain. they are wind systems that bring abundant rainfall to the country.
• Northeast Monsoon (Hanging Amihan)

  • day and cold wind
  • slight to moderate
  • november to december/october to march
  • land to sea
• Southwest Monsoon (Hanging Habagat)

  • warm and moist wind
  • moderate to heavy/torrential rainfall
  • june to october/july to november
  • sea to land
• Intertropical Convergence Zone

  where weather disturbances are formed.
• Intertropical Convergence Zone


  the place where trade winds from northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere meet at, or near the equator. It is the breeding zone of low pressure area.
• Greenhouse gases


  gases in earth's atmosphere that trap heat