states of matter

• give states of matter

  solid, liquid and gas
• describe solids

  strong force of attraction, tightly packed in regular lattice, vibrate in fixed position, definite shape and definite volume
• describe liquids

  weak force of attraction, loosely packed in random arrangement, move in random direction, non definite shape and definite volume
• describe gases

  very weak forces of attraction, spread apart in random arrangement, move in random direction, non definite shape and non definite volume
• give limitations of particle theory model

  incorrect representation - not solid, inelastic and spherical particles
• give change of states by heating

  solid to liquid - melting

  liquid to gas - evaporating / boiling
• describe affect of heated particles

  1. particles gain more energy
  2. particles move faster
  3. weaken forces of attraction
  4. break bonds
• give change of state by cooling

  gas to liquid - condensing

  liquid to solid - freezing
• describe affect of cooled particles

  1. particles have insufficient energy
  2. insufficient energy to overcome forces of attraction
  3. form bonds