Chap 11

• Commensalism is a form of symbiotic relationship in which two species

  live together, and one species benefits from the other without harming or benefitting

  the other. The relationship between the human body
• Mutualism is the symbiosis of the two microorganisms that benefits each other
• Infestation - invasion of the body by ectoparasites
• Endoparasites - parasites that live inside the body of the host (eg., worm)
• Infection - the result of entry and multiplication of parasite within the host
• Ectoparasites - parasites that live outside the host's body
• Facultative parasite - - parasites thnat an live independently of the host (eg., free living)
• Obligate parasites- parasites that must live inside a host (e.g, hookworms)
• Permanent parasites - parasites that remain in a host from early life to maturity (e.g, Plasmodium)
• Intermittent parasites - parasites that simply visit the host during feeding time (eg., non-pathogenic parasites)
• Incidental tapeworm in parasites humans) - parasites that occur in an unusual host (e.g.. dog, tapeworm in humans)
• Transitory parasites parasites whose larva develops in A host while the adultfree is living (eg, Echinococus granulosus or dog while the host is tapeworm).
• Erratic Parasite - parasites that are seen in an unusual organ.
• Definite host - that harbor the adult stage of the parasite
• Intermediate host - that harbor the larval stage of the parasite
• Reservoir host - vertebrae host that harbor the parasite and may act as additional source of infection in man
• Pathogenesis refers to the dynamics of any disease process
• Sigmoidoscopy is used to collect and examine material from the colon
• Skin snips - skin fluid without bleeding obtained by making a small cut into the skin with a razor blade; to detect motile microfilariae
• Xenodiagnosis special method for diagnosis of Chagas disease