Adapted for its function of quickly transmitting across the nervous system
Changed shape to allow it to perform its function better
Cell Body
The nucleus which controls the activities of the neurone is surrounded by most of the cells cytoplasm
Axon
A long extension of the cytoplasm which can be up to one metre in length so that nerve impulses can be transmitted from the CNS to the extremities of the body by one cell
Insulating Sheath (Myelin Sheath)
A fatty layer around the axon produced by special cells
Acts as an insulator and helps transmit the nerve impulse much faster
Gaps in myelin are called Nodes of Ranvier
Branched ends of the axon and small extensions from the cell body
Allow one neurone to make many connections with other nerve cells e.g. in the brain
