RE

• Drama in literature

  A form of written literature intended for performance, typically on a stage by actors. It is a genre that employs dialogue and action to tell a story, often involving conflict, emotion, and character development.
• Elements of drama


  • Plot
  • Character/Cast
  • Theme
  • Dialogue
  • Stage directions
• Plot


  1. Exposition (introduction of characters and setting)

  2. Rising action (conflicts and complications)

  3. Climax (the turning point)

  4. Falling action (events leading to the resolution)

  5. Resolution (the outcome or conclusion)
• Character/Cast


  The individuals who take part in the story. Characters can be protagonists (central characters), antagonists (opposing the protagonist), foils (characters who contrast with the protagonist), and supporting characters. They drive the action of the play and undergo development or change.
• Theme


  The central idea or message that the playwright explores through the story. Themes can be universal concepts such as love, power, identity, justice, or morality. They give depth and resonance to the drama and invite audiences to reflect on larger issues.
• Japanese Literature


  In the beginning they mostly imitated Chinese Literature, however, as Japanese continued to expand and explore – they soon identified their own literature
• Dialogue


  The spoken words of the characters. Dialogue is crucial for revealing character traits, advancing the plot, and conveying themes.
• Katakana


  Japan's Basic Alphabet, consists of 47 characters
• Stage directions


  Instructions provided by the playwright that guide actors, directors, and designers in the performance and staging of the play. Stage directions describe the physical actions, movements, gestures, and settings, helping to create the visual and spatial aspects of the drama.
• Circulating libraries


  Reading became a popular pastime, men carried these books at their back and travel from house to house
• Kojiki


  Record of Ancient Matters, about the creation of the world, describes gods and goddesses of the mythological period, contains facts about the earliest history of Japan
• Nihongi


  Chronicles of Japan, tells the early history of Japanese poetry
• Japanese Drama


  • Favorite form of entertainment, about history and tradition or lives and adventures of gods and heroes, lengthy play that begins in the morning and can take all day to finish, three types: Noh Play, Joruri or Puppet Play, Kabuki Play
• Noh Play


  National Theater of Japan, the play is focused on the all-important Sun goddess that hid herself in the rock cave of heaven, causing universal darkness
• Joruri (Puppet Play)


  Puppets are beautifully made, lifelike in size, strings are expertly manipulated and the dialogue realistically interpreted
• Kabuki Play


  Play for the masses, less intellectual and more realistic
• Man'yoshu


  Oldest collection of poetry complied in 800 A.D
• Haiku


  Shortest form of Japanese poetry, seventeen-syllable poem divided in three lines of 5-7-5
• Matsuo Bashō


  He is known for his simple yet profound verses that often capture moments of nature and human experience with keen observation and deep insight
• Haiku


  • An old silent pond. A frog jumps into the pond, Splash! Silence again
  • Toward those short trees We saw a hawk descending On a day in spring
• Pronoun


  A word that is used instead of a noun or noun phrase
• Pronoun


  • he
  • she
  • they
• Pronoun


  • they
• Types of pronouns


  • PERSONAL
  • INDEFINITE
  • DEMONSTRATIVE
  • POSSESSIVE
  • INTERROGATIVE
• PERSONAL pronoun


  Refer to a specific person or thing
• PERSONAL pronoun


  • I
  • she
  • we
  • you
• INDEFINITE pronoun


  Refer to an identifiable, but not specified, person or thing
• INDEFINITE pronoun


  • everybody
  • anyone
  • anything
• DEMONSTRATIVE pronoun


  Point to and identify a noun or a pronoun
• DEMONSTRATIVE pronoun


  • this
  • that
  • those
  • these
• INTERROGATIVE pronoun


  Pronouns used to ask questions
• INTERROGATIVE pronoun


  • who
  • whom
  • which
  • what
• POSSESSIVE pronoun


  Used to indicate ownership or possession