SRGT 1244 study guide spring 2024

• Motherboard


  Large internal circuit that has many components
• CPU or central processing unit


  The brain
• Heatsink


  Covers CPU and helps dissipate heat
• RAM


  Random Access Memory
• Power supply unit


  Conducts electricity from a cord
• Specialized applications


  Installed on computers used in the operating room for charting
• EMR

  Electronic Medical Records
• EMR


  Digital versions of paper charts
• Things shown on a digital scheduling board

  • Procedure scheduled in each room
  • Patients and assigned team members by room
  • Surgeon; time scheduled
• Bar code system


  Used to track supplies, equipment, instruments
• Things that can be digitally tracked

  • Patients
  • Medications
  • Instruments
• Additional digital records that may be created intraoperatively or immediately postoperatively


  • Surgical Counts
  • Retained foreign bodies
  • Specimen records; Safety Incidents
• PHI


  Protected Health Information
• How to keep PHI secure

  Keep login secure, Log out after use, Remove identifiers
• Dispersive pad (ground pad)

  Not needed for bipolar electrocautery unit
• Majority of electrosurgery


  Uses monopolar
• Areas to avoid placing dispersive pad

  • Bony prominences
  • Implant
  • Excessively hairy areas
• When to apply the ground pad

  After positioning, before prepping
• Clue that electrocautery unit not working correctly


  Requests for more current (repeatedly asking to turn power up)
• Safety measure for electrocautery pencil


  Place active electrode in holster when not in use
• Electrocautery settings


  • Cut
  • Coag
  • Blend
• Conductor


  Material that allows free flow on electrons
• Insulator


  Material with small number of free electrons; inhibiting flow of electrons
• Monopolar electrosurgery


  Current flows from active electrode through the patient to the return electrode
• Bipolar electrosurgery


  Active and return electrodes function at site of surgery; Current flows from one tip, through tissue, to other tip
• What scrub can do to prevent OR team exposure to electrocautery plume

  Suction smoke from field during electrocautery
• Main source of radiation to staff in the room when a radiograph is being taken

  The patient
• Cardinal principles in protection for radiation exposure

  • Time
  • Distance
  • Shielding
• Best protection from intraoperative radiation for a surgical technologist

  A lead apron with thyroid shield
• If you turn your back, you will receive double exposure from the radiation entering through your back, bouncing off the lead apron and traveling back through your body.
• Physiological effects of long-term radiation overexposure

  • Cancer
  • Cataracts
  • Hair Loss (Sterility)
• Fluoroscopy


  Using x-ray to visualize image in "real time"
• Suite that allows minimally invasive intravascular procedures to be done and is capable of supporting a conversion to an open procedure

  Hybrid suite (room)
• Medication injected into the vascular system to see blood flow on X-ray


  Contrast media (medium)
• What we look for on the x-ray during a port-a-cath procedure

  Direction the guidewire is going
• Who is in charge of operating the x-ray machine

  Radiology tech
• When to put on lead apron for a case involving intraoperative x-rays

  Before you scrub
• Types of disasters commonly involved with all hazards preparations

  • Natural
  • Man-Made
• Examples of natural disasters

  • Heat waves
  • Flood
  • Tornados
• Examples of man-made disasters

  • Chemical release
  • Terrorism
  • Explosions